Livestock Beef and Dairy Cattle, Pork, and Poultry

Beef Breeds English Breeds (European, Bos taurus)  Angus- black breed with excellent meat quality  Hereford- red with a white face  Shorthorn- used in the bloodline of more than 30 other breeds

English Breeds

Beef Breeds Exotic Breeds  Grow faster than English breeds  Leaner meat  Imported when Americans demanded leaner meat  Charolais, Limousin, Simmental

Beef Breeds Breeds in America have been developed by crossing (breeding) English and Exotic Breeds from India Resulted in: –Increased heat tolerance –Parasite (worms, lice) resistance –Resist disease Example: Brangus

Dairy Breeds Holstein –90% of the dairy cattle in the US –Black and white –Leading producer of milk –Produce about 18,000 lbs. Of milk per cow per year

Holstein

Dairy Breeds Other Breeds  Jersey- cream to light fawn to almost black Number one in milk fat Guernsey- fawn and white  Ayrshire-cherry red and white  Brown Swiss- solid brown

Dairy Breeds

Pork Production The pork industry has changed greatly –Focus on creating a leaner meat as opposed to a “lard” type hogs Types of operations: –Feeder pigs –Market hogs

Pork Production Purebred produces produce high quality boars –Used for artificial insemination –Improve genetic make up of herd –Cross bred with sows to increase hybrid vigor

Swine Breeds American Landrace Duroc Chester White Hampshire Yorkshire

Poultry Production

Classified as either: –Layers Developed to produce huge numbers of eggs –Broilers Young chickens grown for their meat

Poultry Production Chicken Breeds: –Layers White Leghorn –Broilers Cornish –Other Bantams- miniature version of standard breeds –Used primarily for show

Poultry Production Turkeys –90% grown are Broad-Breasted White