Trauma and infections of skin

Trauma Physical injury caused by  PRESSURE  IMPACT  DISTORTION  OTHER MECHANICAL FORCE

Types of Trauma to skin Open wounds Closed wounds

Open wounds Abrasion: scrape, bleeding usually slight but area open to infection by microorganisms; clean thoroughly, watch for signs of infection

Incision: linear cuts from sharp objects; bleeding may be severe; flush wound and close with bandages or sutures

Laceration: jagged irregular tear produced by impact or irregular object; tissue damage may be extensive. Necessary to carefully realign opposite sides before suturing; prone to infection

Puncture: slender, pointed objects pierce skin; little bleeding; often ideal for infection, especially anaerobic bacteria, like tetanus

Avulsion: chunks of tissue torn away by brute force, car accident, explosion; bleeding considerable

viral Chicken pox/shingles ( herpes varicella- zoster)  small red macule changes to vesicle which dries, becomes crusty; same virus reactivated in adulthood; vesicle lesions along sensory nerves……very painful

viral Oral herpes (herpes simplex 1) and genital herpes (herpes simplex 2) vesicles form, heal but reappear when stressed, immune system down,

viral Warts: human papilloma viruses

bacterial Staph infections (staphylococccus aureus), (imetigo) scalded skin syndrome, (follicullitus) furuncle, carbuncle

Fungal infections Ringworm, athlete’s foot, jock itch; dry scaly lesions caused by tineaa

parasites Scabies: mite burrows and lays eggs in skin; entrance marked by tiny, scaly swellings that itch intensely

Pediculosis: lice