Ch. 10 Rise of Islam Group Review

Sec. 1 – Rise of Islam 1.How does Muhammad become prophet? 2.What is the holy book of Islam? 3.What are the 5 Pillars of Islam (list them)? 4.How did Muslims view Christians & Jews? 5.What is Sharia law? 6.How did Islam affect women?

Section 2 – Muslim Empire 1.Who was Abu Bakr and why was he important? 2.Explain the Sunni and Shiite split (how and/or why did it happen). 3.Umayyad Empire – describe who, what, where, and when it existed. Why were they successful? What were some reasons for its decline? 4.Abbasid Empire – describe who, what, where, and when it existed. Who founded the Abbasids? How did they come to power? What did the Abbasids do differently than the Umayyads? What was the capital? 5.Which group went to Spain? Why? 6.What groups invaded the Abbasid Empire? When?

Section 3 – Muslim Civilization Golden Age Social & Economic Adv. 1.Describe: trade network, goods, agriculture, social structure, and slavery. Muslim Art, Literature, and Architecture 2. Describe the features of religious buildings and religious art. Education/Knowledge 3. What was the “greatest center of Muslim learning?” 4. Identify why each of the following people are important: Ibn Rushd, Ibn Khaldun, al-Khwarizmi, Muhammad al-Razi, Ibn Sina.

Section 4 – India’s Muslim Empire 1.Who was Akbar the Great? 2.What is a sultanate? 3.Delhi Sultanate – describe who/what started Muslim rule in India. 4.How did Muslim rule change Indian government and society? 5.How did relations between Hindus and Muslims evolve over time?

Section 5 – Ottoman and Safavid Empires CharacteristicsOttomansSafavids Capital Dates Strongest ruler Extent of Empire Type of Islam Relationship with Europe

Sec. 1 – Rise of Islam 1.How does Muhammad become prophet? He heard the voice of the angel Gabriel calling him. 2.What is the holy book of Islam? Quran 3.What are the 5 Pillars of Islam (list them)? Faith or belief in one God, daily prayer 5 times a day, concern and giving to the needy, fasting during the month of Ramadan, (Hajj)pilgrimage to Mecca. 4.How did Muslims view Christians & Jews? Muslims viewed Christians and Jews as followers of the book, having belief in one God. 5.What is Sharia law? Islamic system of law. 6.How did Islam affect women? Islam considered all followers as equal in the eyes of Allah. Some practices adopted by conquered people did not always follow this belief in practice.

Section 2 – Muslim Empire 1.Who was Abu Bakr and why was he important? He was Muhammed’s father-in-law. He was the first caliph after Muhammed. 2.Explain the Sunni and Shiite split (how and/or why did it happen). Those who followed Muhammad’s successors became Shiites. Those who thought any good Muslim could become caliph became Sunnis. Sunnis make up the majority of Muslims today. 3.Umayyad Empire – describe who, what, where, and when it existed. Why were they successful? What were some reasons for its decline? The Umayyad empire ( )was made up of Sunni Muslims and its capital was located in Damascus, Syria. They ruled from Spain to India. They were successful because the Byzantine and Persian empires were weak. They taxed non-Muslims and allowed Christians and Jews to practice their religion because they were “people of the book.” They prohibited looting of conquered people. It began to decline because the leaders did not know how to rule a large empire.

S. 2 1.Abbasid Empire – describe who, what, where, and when it existed. Who founded the Abbasids? How did they come to power? What did the Abbasids do differently than the Umayyads? What was the capital? Abu al-Abbas, a Shiite, came to power when he captured Damascus and had the Umayyad family killed. It lasted from ( ). They moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad. 2.Which group went to Spain? Why? The surviving member of the Umayyads fled to Spain. 3.What groups invaded the Abbasid Empire? When? Seljuk Turks (900s) and Mongols (1200s).

Section 3 – Muslim Civilization Golden Age Social & Economic Adv. 1.Describe: trade network, goods, agriculture, social structure, and slavery. Islamic art and goods were in demand, which increased trade. New irrigation systems helped agriculture flourish. Muslims enjoyed a degree of social mobility. Slavery was common, but Muslims could not enslave other Muslims. Muslim Art, Literature, and Architecture 2.Describe the features of religious buildings and religious art. Islamic buildings and art did not depict human figure. Mainly symbols. Education/Knowledge 3.What was the “greatest center of Muslim learning?” Baghdad 4.Identify why each of the following people are important: Ibn Rushd – philosopher who put all knowledge to the test of reason (except the Quran) Ibn Khaldun – Arab thinker who set standards for scientific study of history. al-Khwarizmi – Muslim mathematician Muhammad al-Razi – medical thinker Ibn Sina – Persian physician who created a medical encyclopedia.

Section 4 – India’s Muslim Empire 1.Who was Akbar the Great? The greatest leader of Mughal India 2.What is a sultanate? Land ruled by a Sultan. 3.Delhi Sultanate – describe who/what started Muslim rule in India. ( ) Started Muslim rule in India. Arabs, Turks and Afghans. 4.How did Muslim rule change Indian government and society? Turks, Persians, and Arab migrated to India and brought with them systems of government, influences on art and architecture. 5.How did relations between Hindus and Muslims evolve over time? Muslim and Hindu religions clashed. Many lower caste Hindus converted to Islam for social mobility. Also, Sikhism emerged which had aspects of both religions.

Section 5 – Ottoman and Safavid Empires CharacteristicsOttomansSafavids Capital Constantinople/IstanbulIsfahan Dates 1450s – 1650s1500s – 1700s Strongest ruler SuleimanShah Abbas Extent of Empire Asia Minor and Eastern Balkans Ottoman Empire to India Type of Islam SunnisShiites Relationship with Europe European advances left the Ottomans behind