1 Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Update: Status and NOAA Contributions A Presentation to the NOAA Science Advisory Board Dave Zilkoski Director, National Geodetic Survey NOAA IOOS Project Manager July 26, 2006

2 Outline Purpose of Presentation IOOS Issues Background on IOOS Desired Outcome

3 Purpose To provide an overview of IOOS and NOAA’s role To provide a status on IOOS activities within NOAA To request the SAB, to provide guidance on –How to best leverage existing and future regional systems and capabilities? –Connectivity between the global and coastal components –How can modeling be best incorporated and support IOOS

4 IOOS Issue Effectively leading the implementation of IOOS while engaging other federal agencies and ensuring coordination with Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), internationally

5 IOOS Provides  Consistent standards of operations  Optimization to meet multiple missions  Interoperable and interactive analytical capability in near real-time With IOOS TODAY With IOOS TODAY With IOOS TODAY Marine observing systems planned and operated independently for discrete operational and research missions, not optimized. Coastal inundation information available from various sources and formats for different time periods Thirteen ecological observing systems serving discrete living marine resource management missions Operate coastal inundation decision support system with interactive analysis capability prior, during and after significant storm events like Katrina. Design and integrate NOAA systems to deliver integrated ecosystem assessments for ecosystem management. Coordinate locations and sensor suites with plug and play capability; common approaches to observations and communications; and share lessons learned.

6 The Big Picture Ocean and coastal data - where and when users need it IOOS = The U.S. Contribution to GOOS A federally-led, NOAA-managed partnership Web-based Fully interoperable A data and info delivery tool Integrates physical, biological, chemical, geological observations Scaleable to regional needs Addresses a wide range of applications Enables improved decision making through national and regional models

7 IOOS Components 3 Interdependent Subsystems: –Observing (Global and Coastal components) –Data Management & Communication (DMAC) –Modeling and Analysis Global Ocean Component Resolution Lower Higher PARTNERS Fed’l Agencies Reg’l Assoc. State Agenc. WMO IOCPARTNERS Fed’l Agencies Reg’l Assoc. State Agenc. WMO IOC * Ocean Component of NOAA GEO IDE Coastal Ocean Component Modeling & Analysis DMAC* Regional Observing Systems (11 Regional Associations)

8 Observing Subsystem: Global Component  Designed to meet climate requirements but also supports: Weather prediction Global and coastal ocean prediction Marine hazards warning Transportation Marine environment and ecosystem monitoring Naval applications Homeland security  Objectives are well defined with performance measures.  Well coordinated nationally and internationally – the ocean baseline of Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS).  System 55% complete.  NOAA capacities: $43.5 million 19 centers of expertise Office of Climate Observation - a demonstration project directly applicable to the IOOS Project. NOAA contributes 53% of the present international effort.  IOOS Tide gauge stations  IOOS Drifting Buoys  IOOS Tropical Moored Buoys  IOOS Argo Profiling Floats  IOOS Ships of Opportunity  IOOS Ocean Reference Stations  IOOS Ocean Carbon Networks  IOOS Arctic Observing System  Dedicated Ship Support  Data & Assimilation Subsystems  Management and Product Delivery  Satellites (managed outside of IOOS)

9 Observing Subsystem: Coastal Component  Designed to meet IOOS societal goals and all 5 NOAA Mission Goals Also supports other agency and partner efforts to manage our Nation’s oceans, coasts, and Great Lakes  Coordinated nationally and regionally focusing on partnerships.  System 25 – 35% complete.  Better defining objectives and working on developing strong performance measures.  NOAA capacities: ~$600M - $700M support IOOS ~$55M/year is for integration efforts 24 programs contribute, 8-9 major contributors Project Office in NOS AA’s office coordinates NOAA-wide activities NOAA contributes % of the present national effort.

10 Regional Component: Regional Associations (RA) & Regional Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (RCOOS) AOOS CI-CORE SCCOOS CenGOOS Wallops Ocean Obs. Project ACT SCOOP Joint Ocean Obs. Tech. Ctr. CORMP OrCOOS CIMT Eastern Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska California Current Gulf of Mexico Insular Pacific Hawaiian NE U.S. SE U.S. LISICOS COMPS Caro-COOPS COOA GoMOOS RCOOS LME RA PaCOOS Regional Ecosystem Coordinating Groups

11 NOAA’s Observation System Target Architecture Target Architecture Principles: Utility Focus on societal benefits Requirements-based All data archived and accessible Interoperability Full and open data sharing Standards-based Flexibility Leverages new technology Sustainability Build on existing systems Affordability Effectively use non-NOAA systems Partnerships National International

12 Role of Modeling & Analysis Mechanism to Optimize observations Generate products Includes Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) Data assimilation Coupled ocean models

13 Accomplishments Global component over 50% complete Catalyst for integration partnerships internally and externally (NOS-NWS, CO- OPS-NERRS, CO-OPS-USACE, NWS- USACE, etc.) NOAA-Navy Demonstration Project Gaps in national backbone systems filled Conversion of NWS weather buoys for oceanographic sensing Leveraged regional observing systems to meet NOAA mission goals Contract in place for conceptual system design Development of system interoperability plans Data Assembly Center (DAC) established Research for new technologies in water quality monitoring Coastal-Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment Developed an interagency standards adoption process Enhance & Expand IOOS Products & Services Improve Technical Infrastructure NOAA established as chair of the IWGOO Established FTE Staff for IOOS Designation of IOOS as a major project Approval by ICOSRMI of the First US IOOS Development Plan Staff Ocean.US and DMAC Steering Team Increased understanding of IOOS Manage the IOOS Project

14  Finalize criteria to certify the RAs with Ocean.US  Formalize certification process with the Interagency Working Group on Ocean Observations  Leverage Ocean.US to develop the IWGOO as a leading body for interagency planning  Advance global system development as per GEOSS & GCOS Plans  Develop community approaches to modeling  Conduct research on new sensor technology  Develop data assimilation techniques and simulation experiments to optimize use of the observing subsystem  Coordinate R&D efforts with interagency community Near Term Milestones Enhance & Expand IOOS Products & Services Improve Technical Infrastructure Manage the IOOS Project  Complete IOOS Conceptual Design and cost estimates  Complete Interoperability Plans for IOOS systems

15 The Big Picture Ocean and coastal data - where and when users need it IOOS = The U.S. Contribution to GOOS A federally-led, NOAA-managed partnership Web-based Fully interoperable A data and info delivery tool Integrates physical, biological, chemical, geological observations Scaleable to regional needs Addresses a wide range of applications Enables improved decision making through national and regional models

16 Desired Outcome Provide guidance on –Optimizing regional contributions –Integration of coastal and global components –A modeling and analysis subsystem which best supports IOOS

17 Backup Slides

18 Acronyms AOOS – Alaska Ocean Observing System OrCOOS – Oregon Coastal Ocean Observing System CIMT – Center for Integrated Marine Technologies CI-CORE - California Center for Integrative Coastal Ocean Research SCCOOS- Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System CenGOOS – Central Gulf of Mexico Ocean Observing System COMPS – Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction System Caro-COOPS – Carolina Coastal Ocean Observing System CORMP- Coastal Ocean Research and Monitoring Program LISOCOS – The Long Island Sound Integrated Coastal Observing System COOA – Coastal Ocean Observing and Analysis GoMOOS – Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System PaCOOS - Pacific Coastal Ocean Observing System SCOOP - Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) Coastal Ocean Observing and Prediction Program ACT - Alliance for Coastal Technologies

19 Interagency Network of Subsystems “The IOOS is a coordinated national and international network of observations and data transmission, data management and communications (DMAC), and data analyses and modeling that systematically and efficiently acquires and disseminates data and information on past, present and future states of the oceans and U.S. coastal waters to the head of tide.” - From the IOOS Development Plan [Approved by the Interagency Committee on Ocean Science and Resource Management Integration (ICOSRMI)] EXCOM Agencies Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science & Technology (JSOST) Agencies

20 Ocean Action Plan / Ocean Commission Ocean Action Plan – “Build a Global Earth Observation Network, Including Integrated Oceans Observation” Global Context Ocean Component of GEOSS Ocean Component of U.S. IEOS U.S. IEOS U.S. IOOSGOOS GEOSS U.S. Component

21 Approved Ocean Action Plan Ocean (OAP) Governance Interagency Working Group on Ocean Observations Chair: NOAA

22 Ocean.US

23 GEOSS and IOOS Societal Goals Match NOAA’s Mission Goals NOAA Mission Goals CLIMATE WEATHER AND WATER COMMERCE AND TRANSPORTATION ECOSYSTEMS GEOSS Goals 1)Improve Weather Forecasting 2)Reduce Loss of Life and Property from disasters 3)Protect and Monitor our ocean resources 4)Understand, Assess, predict, mitigate, and adapt to climate variability and change 5)Support Sustainable Agriculture and Combat Land Degradation 6)Understand the effects of environmental factors on human health and well-being 7)Develop the capacity to make ecological forecasts 8)Protect and monitor water resources 9)Monitor and manage energy resources 1) Improve predictions of climate change and weather and their effects on coastal communities and the nation; 2) Improve the safety and efficiency of marine operations; 3) Mitigate the effects of natural hazards; 4) Improve national and homeland security; 5) Reduce public health risks; 6) Protect and restore healthy coastal marine ecosystems; and 7) Enable the sustained use of marine resources. IOOS Societal Goals

24 Multi-Year Phased Implementation Plan: NOAA Contributions, 100% Requirement

FY‘04‘05‘06‘07‘09‘08‘10‘11‘12 Coastal and Hurricane Buoys # moorings NWLON Stations PORTS ® Dedicated Ship Time Coastal Currents (NCOP) Days at sea (USCG + NOAA) # short-term ADCP # water level stations # seaports with access to PORTS® Coastal Stations# stations IOOS Coastal Marine Components: Multi-Year Program Plan DART # tsunami stations Hydrographysq. nautical miles Shoreline % mapped in priority ports and rest of US Voluntary Obs. Ships Automated weather obs Surface Currents Mapping (HF Radar) # coastal (HF) radars % complete FY17 81 FY16 FY13 FY

26 IOOS Coastal Marine Components: Initial Ecosystem Observation Milestones

27 DMAC Project Management Project execution for DMAC will be managed –By NOAA IOOS Project and –Existing IT systems owners –With collaboration of NOAA Data Management Committee and its GEO-IDE principles & procedures Interoperability Plans for each NOAA system –Being written FY06-07 –Will detail cost and schedule for tasks needed to achieve DMAC interoperability –Plan approvals will include scrub for optimization and reuse of task work between systems

28 NDBC’s weekly platform count from January 18, 2005 through January 17, The green line (crosses) shows the total number of platforms that NDBC manages. The dark blue line (diamonds) is the NDBC platforms. The light blue line (x) is the NOAA’s National Ocean Service (NOS) platforms. The orange line (triangles) is the IOOS partner’s platforms. The red line (circles) is the Tropical Ocean Atmosphere (TAO) platforms. The dark purple line (stars) is the oil and gas platforms. The light purple line is the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami buoys. National Data Buoy Center: IOOS Data Assembly Center

29 DMAC: Near term milestones Complete IOOS conceptual system design and cost estimates –Requires delivery of: a conceptual design a life cycle cost estimate and a narrative explanation of the viability of the design –Lockheed Martin and Raytheon in cooperation with: NOAA the Interagency Working Group on Ocean Observations (IWGOO) agencies Ocean.US IOOS partners such as Regional Associations (RAs) Complete interoperability plans for NOAA’s IOOS observing systems With the DMAC Steering Team and NOAA DMIT, develop an interagency standards approval process

30 Why DMAC? – Example Problem Coastal Inundation & Erosion involves multiple systems Users Temperature Bathymetry Reanalysis & Coupled Climate Models Users Blue Water Wave Heights Shallow Water Wave Heights Storm Surge Scenarios Coastal Inundation & Erosion Scenarios Biochemical Impacts (Ecosystems) Human Population Distribution Scenarios Societal Infrastructure Coastal Scenarios Sea Ice Glaciers Ocean Volume Circulation Quantity Sea Level Change River Run-off Coastal Topography Tides Winds Temperature Users Observations (~75) Human Impacts Models (~25) Physical Impacts Land Mass & Ocean Properties (~20) Sea Level Change (~12) Permafrost (# in parenthesis represents data sets which must be integrated) Land Mass & Ocean Properties (~20)

31 Operations and Research Ocean Research Priorities Plan and Implementation Strategy –Called for by the Ocean Action Plan –Identifies Ocean Observing as a cross-cut theme The National Science Foundation’s Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) –Centerpiece of the basic research component for IOOS

32 Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE):Impact of 5-day ARGO Sampling 5-day sampling gives: –More samples per float per month –Fewer floats per area in divergent flow –Net Effect: reduced quality of monthly and little improvement in subseasonal

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34 Models used to assess proposed Indian Ocean Observing System. –Appears adequate for mapping seasonal to interannual temperature. Except western Arabian Sea. –Proposed moorings spans region of active intraseasonal variability. Particularly south I.O. Thermocline ridge. –Subdaily variability can cloud subseasonal variability in profiles. –This study and others have fed back into system design: IX-1 XBT line to be run weekly. Recommend 10-day ARGO sampling. Moorings important on equator and thermocline ridge.

35 FY 2006 ICOOS Funds – $46.8M 1)Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observing System (ICOOS) and Convert Weather Buoys:$20.5M -Governance and Project Management$6.2M -Research and Development$1.9M -Education and Outreach$0.8M -Modeling & Analysis$1.9M -DMAC$5.2M -Observations $4.5M 2) COTS and other Observing system earmarks:$26.3M –Joint NOAA/UNH Observations Technology Center: $2.0M –Coastal Observation Technology System Grants:$24.3M

36 Key NOAA FY 06 Deliverables Data Management and Communications IOOS Conceptual System Design and cost estimates Support for Interagency DMAC standards process Data Transport Lab Community Information Repository Integrating Ecological and Satellite Data IOOS Data Assembly Center Regional Information Systems Support establishment of nascent Regional Associations Global Ocean-Climate Enhancements Linking global and regional observing capabilities for ecological forecasting and analysis Coastal Enhancements Enhancing National Estuarine Reserve System (NERRS) System- wide Monitoring Program Advance regional ecosystem structure through Pacific Ecosystem Observation Network Interoperability of NOAA and USGS Stream gauge and water quality monitoring networks Addition of oceanographic sensors to weather buoys Enhanced Storm Surge and Inundation Modeling Community Modeling Pilot Project to support QA/QC and model data exchange

37 High-Level Roadmap FY06-07FY08-13* Enhance & Expand IOOS Products & Services * Activities cross multiple programs  Identify observing system requirements  Advance global system development as per GEOSS & GCOS Plans Improve Technical Infrastructure Implement NOAA system for service delivery  Augment observational capabilities, add new locations, achieve global coverage Integrate & Densify Observations  Implement ‘targeted’ observations capability  Develop community approaches to modeling  Develop data assimilation techniques and simulation experiments to optimize use of the observing subsystem Build Interdisciplinary Modeling Capability  Coordinate R&D efforts with interagency community Conduct Research & Development  Share development and implementation responsibilities for delivery of enhanced products and services with community Deliver ocean products through Education & Outreach  Conduct research on new sensor technology Establish DMAC  Form Standards Process w/ NOSC & GEOIDE  Initial Systems Design (Jun & Sept. FY06)  Complete Interoperability Plans for IOOS systems  R2A GODAE server functionality (FY07)  Global Programs IOC (FY07-09)  Coastal, Physical, Satellite IOC (FY07 – 08)  Fisheries & Ecosystems IOC (FY08, FY10)  Satellite follow-on systems IOC (FY09)  IOOS archive capabilities enhancements (FY09)  Maintain National Backbone systems Build & Sustain National Backbone  Augment NOAA’s backbone with interagency systems  Develop directory of and implement One NOAA approach to IOOS products/services  Establish system for education & outreach

38 High-Level Roadmap FY06-07FY08-13* Manage the IOOS Project * Activities cross multiple programs  Establish Project Management Structure  Develop Project Management Plan  Integrate IOOS project management infrastructure into GEOSS  Manage IOOS against Project Plan Manage IOOS Project  Establish certification, de-certification, and evaluation criteria and processes for the RA’s.  Lead interagency planning via the IWGOO  Support certification of RAs  Formalize fed oversight/liability for RAs  Share developmental responsibilities with the community Coordinate with External IOOS  Integrate NOAA’s requirements management process with interagency process Manage and Respond to Requirements  Formalize an acquisition and systems engineering process  Develop budget plan

39 Nascent Regional Associations AOOS – Alaska Ocean Observing System PacIOOS – Pacific Islands Integrated Ocean Observing System NANOOS – Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems CeNCOOS – Central and Northern California Coastal Ocean Observing System SCOOS – Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System GLOS – Great Lakes Observing System GCOOS – Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System CaRA – Caribbean Regional Association SECOORA – Southeast Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association MACOORA – Mid-Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association NERA – Northeast Regional Association