By: Shane Serafin

 What is handwriting recognition  History  Different types  Uses  Advantages  Disadvantages  Conclusion  Questions  Sources

 Definition: The ability of a computer to receive and interpret handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-screens, and other devices and turning it into a digitized form.

 1980s: Start of retail handwriting recognition system with electronic pen and electronic tablet  1989: Portable handwriting recognition computer: GRiDPad from GRiD Systems.  1997: First handwritten address interpretation system (HWAI) deployed by United States Postal Service  2007: First automatic writer recognition system: CEDAR-FOX

 Off-line Recognition ◦ Looks at image form of handwritten strokes ◦ Not real time ◦ Conversion image to letter coded text ◦ Static form ◦ Uses Optical Character Recognition or Intelligent Word Recognition ◦ Earlier form of handwriting recognition ◦ More difficult to decipher

 Character extraction by using an algorithm to look at: ◦ Aspect ratio ◦ Percent of pixels above the horizontal half way point ◦ Percent of pixels above the vertical half way point ◦ Number of strokes ◦ Reflected by Y axis ◦ Reflected by X axis ◦ Distance away from center

 On-line Recognition ◦ Real time transfer ◦ Handwriting is direct input from a device ◦ Sensor picks up pen movements ◦ Dynamic form

 Need a pen and touch sensitive surface  Software application looks at stroke order and directions of input  Converted into digital text  Uses fuzzy logic or neural network techniques

 Postal-Address Interpretation

 Handwriting Biometrics

 Signature Verification

 Preserve and Research Historical text

 Form of writing ◦ Tablets, Cell phones, Computers, Smart Boards

 CalliGrapher: ◦ Microsoft Windows Mobile Pocket-PC 2003/2003SE/2005 devices running Windows Mobile 6.0 and older  Graffiti: ◦ Android versions 1.6, 2.0, 2.1  CellWriter: ◦ Window System running on Linux  MyScript: ◦ PC and mobile devices

 Electronic data storage  More organized files  Easier data retrieval  Historical preservation  Can be easier form of writing  Verification methods

 Not always accurate  Unique style of writing  Spacing of letters or words  Poor images of text  Different languages  Modern handwriting compared to historical

 What handwriting recognition is  The different types  Importance of it

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