Minerals and Mining WEEK OF MARCH 28 TH

Bellringer: March 28 th  Photographs Analysis Review:  Where were the people mining in the image?  What were they mining for?  What is that mineral used for?

Discuss Photo’s

Minerals and Mining  SC.912.L.17.19#: Describe how different natural resources are produced and how their rates of use and renewal limit availability.

Minerals  Mineral: naturally occurring, inorganic, and solid.  Each mineral has a unique crystalline structure and chemical composition

Mining  Breaking into the ground in order to gain access to minerals, fossil fuels, water and extracting them.  These resources are used in an endless list of goods

Methods  Strip Mining: Layers of surface soil/rock are removed to expose a resource. Machinery removes soil, minerals extracted, soil is replaced. Ex: Mine coal, sand, gravel  Subsurface Mining: Deep vertical shafts are dug, networks of horizontal tunnels are built in order to reach mineral. Ex: zinc, lead, tin, gold, copper, salt, diamonds

 Open Pit Mining: Large hole is dug (area is not appropriate for tunnels), mineral and surrounding rock is removed. Expanded until resource runs out. Ex: copper, iron, gold, diamonds  Mountaintop Removal: Used primarily for coal mining in the Appalachian Mts. Forests are clear-cut, timber is sold or burned, topsoil is removed, rock is blasted away until mineral is reached

 Solution Mining: Pump chemical solution into the mine, once mineral has reacted with solution, extract the liquid, taking the mineral with it. Commonly used for salt  Placer Mining: Sift through material in riverbeds. EX: Gold Rush. Still used in CA & AK  Undersea Mining: Dredging – use large machine similar to vacuum to collect sand/gravel from sea floor. Very expensive

Processing  Breakdown: Crush & ground in particles  Separation:  Froth Flotation: Mixing finely ground ore with water. Minerals are attracted to air bubbles and float to surface  Tailings: Waste products  Metal Production: Concentrated minerals are processed in a technique called smelting.  Heating it beyond melting point and combining it with other metals/chemicals  Some metals are a combination of many: EX: Steel

Bellringer: March 29 th  Which form of mining do you think is the least destructive?

Cookie Mining Lab

Bellringer: March 30 th  Do you think it is possible to mine for a material and not cause damage to the surrounding ecosystem?

Cookie Mining Lab  Data and Conclusion Due

Bellringer: March 31 st  List the 6 major types of mining

Foldable: Mining Methods  6-Door Foldable  Name of method  Definition  Area in the world utilized  Minerals mined through this method  Picture/Diagram  Color/Neatness

Bellringer: April 1 st  Begin completing foldable

Finish Foldable & Bookwork