Objectives: Explain the skills needed to create a written text Describe approaches to teaching writing

the composing of texts intended to be read by persons not present writing is often viewed as:  a natural task with a focus on what is said rather than how it is written  a task with growing complexity where old difficulties are replaced with new as skills develop 13/06/2016

Writing: Composition and transcription compositiontranscription getting ideas selecting words grammar considering context audience, purpose and genre physical effort of writing spelling capitalisation punctuation paragraphs legibility

The Writer Considers

An approach to teaching writing Engage (range of oral/practical activities to engage learners in topic and secure understanding) Familiarise and Focus on text type model -(shared reading/discussion of key features/activities based on text) Model/Share (writing frames completed jointly with learners/shared writing) Support/Scaffold (learners individually use writing frames to support their writing/shared proofreading) Compose/Construct (learners structure their own writing/proofread) 13/06/2016

Pieces of writing which share a common purpose will tend to share: a common structure common language patterns 13/06/2016

Audience Purpose Genre 13/06/2016

ContextPurposeAudienceForm Note to School To explain a child’s absence Class teacher Simple letter Shopping list Aide memoire SelfList 13/06/2016

Purpose of writing influences: Content, format, style Audience influences: Content, style, accuracy 13/06/2016

F orm L ayout A udience P urpose 13/06/2016

Established methods Modelled Writing Explicit and planned demonstration of writing strategies. Shared Writing A joint activity involving groups of learners or the teacher and learner(s). Guided Writing Using writing frames and guided by tutor. 13/06/2016

Drafting work – the four Ps → → Preparation → Planning → Polishing → Presentation 13/06/2016

explain the place of grammar in language and literacy teaching demonstrate an understanding of the components of grammar include grammar as an integral part of literacy learning programmes Demonstrate an understanding of punctuation Apply appropriate strategies to support learners’ use of punctuation 13/06/2016

Punctuation A woman, without her man, is nothing. A woman: without her, man is nothing. 13/06/2016

Main functions of punctuation separates two units of grammar indicates a specific grammatical order or other function 13/06/2016

Apostrophe Colon Comma Dash Exclamation mark Full stop Hyphen Inverted commas Semi colon Speech marks Question mark The most commonly used marks in English punctuation 13/06/2016

meaning vocabulary‘discourse’ grammar morphologysyntax pronunciation phoneticsphonology ‘graphetics’ graphology speech writing language The structure of language Child language, learning and linguistics David Crystal (1987) 13/06/2016

Morphology: the study of words in language Syntax: the study of how words work in sequence to form larger linguistic units. Semantics:the study of meaning, changes in meaning, and the principles that govern the relationship between words, sentences and their meanings. 13/06/2016

Morphology: root words, suffixes & prefixes nation national international 13/06/2016

Syntax: word classifications My son is taking part in a running event. He will be running as fast as he can. His running shoes are really expensive. 13/06/2016

Semantics Words in context The General ordered the troops to charge. I need to charge my car battery. The police are going to charge him with an offence The bank want to charge me for extra interest 13/06/2016