Spreadsheet Calculations Formulas & Functions Computer Applications I
=A1+B2 A sequence of values, cell references, names, functions, or operators in a cell that together produce a new value. A formula always begins with an equal sign (=). Requires mathematical operators. FORMULA
Operators specify the type of calculation. There are four different types of formula calculation operators: 1. Arithmetic 2. Comparison 3. Text 4. Reference. MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS
ARITHEMETIC (Mathematical Operators) Addition (3+3) Subtraction (3–1) or Negation (–1) Multiplication (3 * 3) Division (3 / 3) Percent (20%) Exponentiation (3 ^ 2)
COMPARISON (Mathematical Operators) Equal to (A1=B1) Greater than (A1>B1) Less than (A1<B1) Greater than or equal to (A1>=B1) Less than or equal to (A1<=B1) Not equal to (A1<>B1)
COMPARISON (Mathematical Operators) When two values are compared by using these operators, the result is a logical value either TRUE or FALSE.
TEXT (Mathematical Operators) Ampersand (&) connects text strings, numbers, or single-cell references to produce a single piece of text. =CONCATENATE("Stream population for ",A2," ",A3," is ",A4,"/mile") (Stream population for brook trout species is 32/mile)
REFERENCE (Mathematical Operators) Colon ( : ) indicates cell range. (B5:B15) Comma (, ) combines multiple cell ranges into one reference. (SUM(B5:B15,D5:D15)) Space ( ) is the intersection operator, which produces a common reference for both cell ranges. (B7:D7 C6:C8)
FORMULA: Order of Operations Excel evaluates the operators from left to right unless a parentheses encloses the numerical data. =5+2*3 =(5+2)*
Combining Formulas & Functions In the example below, the parentheses around the first part of the formula force Excel to calculate B4+25 first and then divide the result by the sum of the values in cells D5, E5, and F5. =(B4+25)/SUM(D5:F5)
FUNCTION = AVG (A1:B1) Predefined formulas that perform calculations by using specific values, called arguments, in a particular order, or structure. SHORTCUT!
AUTOSUM = SUM(A1:B1) Function that adds all values within a range of cells. Range can be altered by highlighting and clicking.
USING FUNCTIONS Sum ~ Total of values using addition. Average ~ The average of the values. Max ~ The largest value. Min ~ The smallest value. Count ~ The amount of data entries. (Default function for data other than numbers.) =SUM (A1:B1) =AVG (A1:B1) =MAX (A1:B1) =MIN (A1:B1) =COUNT (A1:B1)