The Five Themes of Geography A Framework for Studying the World North Carolina Geographic Alliance PowerPoint Presentations from 2007 Some additions by Joe Naumann, 2016

Theme 1: Location Where is It? Why is It There? Two Types of Location Absolute Relative

Absolute Location A specific place on the Earth’s surface Uses a grid system Latitude and longitude A global address

North Carolina Absolute Location North Carolina 36° N Latitude 79° W longitude Chapel Hill 35° 55' N Latitude 79° 05' W Longitude

Relative Location Where a place is in relation to other places and distinctive features like monuments, distinctive architecture, and special signs. Uses directional words to describe –Cardinal and intermediate directions like go north or turn left.

North Carolina North Carolina is bordered by Virginia on the north, South Carolina and Georgia on the south, and Tennessee on the west. The Atlantic Ocean forms North Carolina's east coast. North Carolina is one of the Southeastern States

What about a street address with a zip code? 12 St. Daniel Court, Florissant, MO Well, it isn’t as precise as latitude and longitude; however, it isn’t expressed in relation to any landmarks or directions. So... It comes closer to being absolute location; It does limit it to a particular state, town, city, zipcode, and street name and house number. That is rather absolute.

Theme 2: Place Physical Characteristics Land Features Mountains, plains, and plateaus Climate Bodies of Water

North Carolina: Physical Characteristics Photos above: Steve Pierce

Theme 2: Place Distinctive Human Characteristics Cultural –People – features & dress –Language –Religious expression –Style of Buildings, Landmarks, and Artifacts –Cities: particularly the layout and placement of features

North Carolina: Human Characteristics National Geographic Magazine Top right: graphics.fansonly.com/photos/schools/unc/nonsport/school-bio/unc-oldwell2-lg.jpg

Theme 3: Human Environment Interaction How People Function Within Their Environment People... Depend on Their Environment so The: Adapt to Their Environment –Wear a coat in cold weather Alter or Modify Their Environment –Connect two rivers with a canal

North Carolina: Human Environment Interaction These are mostly pictures of alteration of the environment.

Theme 4: Movement The Mobility of People Goods Ideas How Places are linked to one another and the world Material Movement: transfer of people, animals, or objects Non-material Movement: transfer of ideas, information, energy, etc. The transfer or people, objects, energy, or information from one location to another.

North Carolina: Material Movement

Non-Material Movement

Theme 5: Regions – Formal and Functional Formal regions have one or more common features. Political Regions Landform Regions Agricultural Regions Cultural Regions Lantuage Regions

Functional Regions Outlying locations have a relationship with a central focus or provider. Example: in the late 19 th century, coal companies influenced government and economy in the area around the mine. Example: the hinterland of a city or the service area of a utility company. A school district A sewer or water district The circulation area of a newspaper Etc.

North Carolina: Formal Regions Steve Pierce

Functional Regions Hinterlands

GOODBYE