Take out a sheet of Notebook Paper. 1.Write down 3 court cases that have made an impact on history. Explain each case. 2.What are three types of laws. Explain each. 3.Give 3 facts about the Supreme Court. 4.Describe the steps of a Civil/ Criminal Trial. (each partner pick one of the two) REVIEW- THE COURT SYSTEM

NC COURT SYSTEM / JUVENILES & THE COURTS

 The power to establish courts is a concurrent power – both states and the federal government can establish courts  The federal system now has 3 levels  State courts handle the majority of cases heard in this country THE COURT SYSTEM- FEDERAL AND STATE

COURTS IN NORTH CAROLINA Magistrates

 Magistrates – a civil officer or lay judge who administers the law  654 Magistrates in NC  2 year term  have original jurisdiction in certain misdemeanor cases usually when there is an admission of guilt  can issue warrants; set bail  Can handle small claims of $4,000 and less  Handles juvenile’s misdemeanors MAGISTRATES

 NC District Courts– There is at least one district court located in each of the 100 counties  judges elected for 4 year terms  Original jurisdiction in all misdemeanor cases  juvenile cases, probable cause hearings, civil cases up to $10,000  NO JURY NC DISTRICT COURTS

 NC Superior Court- Major cases  Judges elected for 8 years  50 districts; judges rotate every 6 months  Original jurisdiction  felony criminal cases, civil cases over $10,000  takes appeals from District Court  Trial by 12 member jury- jury can be waived in civil cases NC SUPERIOR COURT

 The NC Court of Appeals- 15 judges hear appeals  Judges elected for eight year term  sit in panels of 3 to hear and decide cases  decides on cases appealed from District and Superior Courts THE NC COURT OF APPEALS

 The NC Supreme Court– 7 Justices (1 Chief and 6 Associates)  Judges elected for 8 year terms  decides civil and criminal cases appealed from lower courts  no witnesses or juries  appeals from the NC Supreme Court go to the US Supreme Court THE NC SUPREME COURT

 In NC Anyone under the age of 16 is a juvenile  The court system treats these young people who commit crimes as juvenile delinquents  Many states allow older juveniles who are charged with serious crimes or who have a record be treated as adults JUVENILES AND THE COURT SYSTEM

 Goal is to rehabilitate juvenile delinquents, or correct their behavior rather than punish them  Juvenile Courts handle two types of cases  Neglect  Delinquency JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM

1.A juvenile is arrested  No fingerprints or photographs of the juvenile 2.Parents/ guardians are notified 3.Juvenile may be kept in a juvenile detention center or sent home until the court date 4.Juveniles may be diverted to counseling, job-training, or drug treatment programs STAGES OF JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM

5.Preliminary hearing decides if there is enough evidence to try the juvenile 6.Juvenile trial 7.Juvenile cases are heard by a judge (no jury trial) 8.If the juvenile is found guilty– crime may be put on juvenile’s record, separate hearing to determine punishment 9.In some cases the crime is erased from the juvenile’s record once he/she has finished their probation STAGES OF JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM CONTINUED…

 Parents must be notified ASAP  Juveniles have the right to an attorney  Juveniles have the right to remain silent IN RE GAULT CASE