Deeply-Bound K-Nuclear States Yoshinori AKAISHI Akinobu DOTE Toshimitsu YAMAZAKI A new paradigm in Nuclear Physics K-K- Atomic states Nuclear state DA.

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Deeply-Bound K-Nuclear States Yoshinori AKAISHI Akinobu DOTE Toshimitsu YAMAZAKI A new paradigm in Nuclear Physics K-K- Atomic states Nuclear state DA  NE04 June 8, 2004

Evidence for K - ppn Oct.16, 2003 M. Iwasaki et al. M. Iwasaki T. Suzuki H. Bhang G. Franklin K. Gomikawa R.S. Hayano T. Hayashi K. Ishikawa S. Ishimoto K. Itahashi T. Katayama Y. Kondo Y. Matsuda T. Nakamura S. Okada H. Outa B. Quinn M. Sato M. Shindo H. So T. Sugimoto P. Strasser K. Suzuki S. Suzuki D. Tomono A.M. Vinodkumar E. Widmann T. Yamazaki T. Yoneyama nucl-ex/ from 4 He(stopped K -,n)

Few-Body KN Systems _ Strange baryon Di-baryon Tri-baryon Tetra-baryon Strange heavy nucleus Strange matter pp p p p n n p p n p p n S=-1 S=-2 p  K _ = p p   = H*?

DA  NE

KN interaction MeV -285 MeV -436 MeV -412 MeV none KpX Iwasaki et al. (1997) Martin (1981) p+K - n+K 0 -  (1405) -++-++ ++-++- 0+00+0 +0+ (MeV)

L.Ya. Glozman, W. Plessas, K. Varga & R.F. Wagenbrunn, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) A Chiral Constituent-Quark Model Lattice QCD quenched to 3Q H. Suganuma et al. Theor Exp N  GeV GeV  (1405) Exp Theor  (1385) 

Optical potential K nucleus _ K - atom for E= -110 MeV for t-matrix: for g-matrix: No Pauli exclusion

J. Schaffner-Bielich, V. Koch & M. Effenberger, Nucl. Phys. A669 (2000) 153. A. Ramos & E. Oset, Nucl. Phys. A671 (2000) 481. A. Cieply, E Friedman, A. Gal & J. Mares, Nucl. Phys. A696 (2001) 173. Shallow optical potentialDeep optical potential V 0 +iW 0 = -50 –i 60 MeV V 0 +iW 0 = -120 –i10 MeV Y. Akaishi & T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C65 (2002) N. Kaiser, P.B. Siegel & W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A594 (1995) 325.

Nuclear KNN bound states _ T = 3/2 Unbound T = 1/2 Above the  *+n threshold T = 1/2 E = -48 MeV  = 61 MeV S = 0 S = 1 S = 0

Structure of ppK - pp K-K fm rms distance 1.36 fm fm r fm 3.90 fm rms distance T. Yamazaki & Y. Akaishi, Phys. Lett. B535 (2002) 70.

K - + p 123 r fm MeV  (1405) ++ ++ K - + pp 123 r fm MeV ++ ++ K He 123 r fm MeV ++ ++

J.K. Ahn, Nucl. Phys. A721 (2003) 715c

M.F.M. Lutz & E.E. Kolomeitsev, Nucl. Phys. A700 (2002) 193. J.K. Ahn, Nucl. Phys. A721 (2003) 715c On the  (1405) J.C. Nacher, E. Oset, H. Toki & A. Ramos, Phys. Lett. B455 (1999) fm p

pp

123 r fm MeV ++ (-69, 66) MeV (-86, 32) MeV Nuclear bound state 1.47 fm Free R core fm MeV  E core (R core ) E K (R core ) E K +  E core Hasegawa-Nagata’s NN ~1Gev repulsion E 

MeV T n MeV ４ He ( stopped K -, n) Branching ~2% M. Iwasaki et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. A473 (2001) 286. K He T = 1 T = MeV E K MeV d+  - +   d+  + +   d+  - +  

M. Iwasaki et al.B Kppn =173 4 MeV  < 25 MeV M ~ 3137 MeV/c 2 f 1.00  (1405) fit Sch K - ppn K-G EKEK i i10 B Kppn  (unit in MeV) K-G : Klein-Gordon Sch : Schroedinger  KNN = 12 MeV 1.17 K-G i K - ppn

pp n K-K- 1.6 fm  N (0) = 6.8  0 ppnK -  B ｔｈ -ex ~ 50 MeV Chiral restoration ? m K / f 2 udd uud us _ 11 or 9 quarks ? Tri-baryon ?

8 Be 8 BeK - 7 fm Density (/fm^3) Density (/fm^3) AMD calculation by Dote et al. Dense & Cold

T. Hatsuda & T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158. W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A443 (1993) 59c. 300 MeV 5050 Temperature T Density  Normal density

Color forromag. A. Iwazaki et al. 150 MeV Chemical potential Nuclei Temperature Quark-Gluon Plasma Color superconductor (2SC), (CFL) Hadrons Dense & cold Tricritical point Nuclear Phase Diagram Liquid-gas

Nucleon density distribution ppnK - pppK - pppnK - 6 BeK - 3 fm 9 BK - 4 fm

pppK - pppnK - ppK - Spectral Function

1.90 fm 1.36 fm pp ppK fm 1.5 fm ppK - K - uuddss us _ uud us _ Strange deuteron? Jaffe’s H* di-baryon? K-K-

ppnK -  + d K-K- Cold & dense fragments Heavy-Ion Reaction ~10A GeV High-density environment provided by HI fireball Invariant-mass spectroscopy for their decays “Decay-channel spectroscopy”

FOPI at GSI from Kutsche (PhD) 1999 Superb  identification

A. Andronic and P. Braun-Munzinger, priv.comm., Oct.17, 2003  > GSI SIS100/300 : best place

Concluding Remarks Nuclear K bound state _ Mini strange matter K behaves as a “contractor”. _ A new means to investigate hadron dynamics in dense&cold matter Chiral restoration? Color superconductivity? Kaon condensation? Strange hadronic/quark matter? Few-body K nuclear systems would provide experimental data of fundamental importance for hadron physics with strangeness. _ Formation/Decay- channel spectroscopies DA  NE SPring-8 J-Lab GSI J-PARC