Causes of the American Revolution S.C. History- Mr. Hitch Timeline:

Mercantilism Colonies provide materials Colonies provide materials Colonies serve as exclusive markets for British goods Colonies serve as exclusive markets for British goods Mother country (Great Britain) exports more than it imports. Mother country (Great Britain) exports more than it imports. Goal- Great Britain becomes rich and powerful! Goal- Great Britain becomes rich and powerful!

Causes of the American Revolution French and Indian Wars (Great Britain vs. France & Indian allies) French and Indian Wars (Great Britain vs. France & Indian allies) Navigation Acts (1660) Navigation Acts (1660) Stamp Act (1765) Stamp Act (1765) Townshend Acts (1767) Townshend Acts (1767) Boston Massacre (1770) Boston Massacre (1770) Boston Tea Party (1773) Boston Tea Party (1773) Intolerable Acts (1774) Intolerable Acts (1774)

French and Indian Wars AKA Seven Years’ War Great Britain vs. France & Indian allies- battled over claimed lands in North America (east coast). Great Britain vs. France & Indian allies- battled over claimed lands in North America (east coast). Cause: Imperialism and the desire to control resources. Cause: Imperialism and the desire to control resources. Effect: New British taxes were placed on colonists to pay for war debts. Effect: New British taxes were placed on colonists to pay for war debts.

Treaty of Paris (1763) France gives Great Britain land east of Mississippi River. France gives Great Britain land east of Mississippi River. Spain gets land west of Mississippi River. Spain gets land west of Mississippi River. Florida is now British property. Florida is now British property.

Proclamation of 1763 British colonists cannot settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains in the lands captured by Britain from France during French-Indian War. Also to end overpricing of land. British colonists cannot settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains in the lands captured by Britain from France during French-Indian War. Also to end overpricing of land. Cause: British wanted to avoid war. Requirements had to be met before purchasing land- land claims. Cause: British wanted to avoid war. Requirements had to be met before purchasing land- land claims. Effects: Resentment among colonists (lost land & $$$); factor contributing to American Revolution. Effects: Resentment among colonists (lost land & $$$); factor contributing to American Revolution.

Proclamation of 1763

Navigation Acts All goods shipped from colonies to Great Britain must be on British ships only and resources coming from the colonies could only be sent to Britain. All goods shipped from colonies to Great Britain must be on British ships only and resources coming from the colonies could only be sent to Britain. Cause: Britain needed to control revenue (money) being made from colonies to pay war debts. Cause: Britain needed to control revenue (money) being made from colonies to pay war debts. Effects: Colonists become angry and begin ideas of rebellion; smuggling. Effects: Colonists become angry and begin ideas of rebellion; smuggling.

Sugar Act Colonies supported British mercantilism. Colonies supported British mercantilism. Cause: Molasses and sugar taxes reduced- decline in rum industry. Cause: Molasses and sugar taxes reduced- decline in rum industry. Effect: Higher taxes on coffee, indigo, wine, & fabrics. Reduced trade with Caribbean Islands- hurt colonial economy. Colonists did not pay taxes- smuggled from islands. Effect: Higher taxes on coffee, indigo, wine, & fabrics. Reduced trade with Caribbean Islands- hurt colonial economy. Colonists did not pay taxes- smuggled from islands. Writs of assistance to stop smuggling. Writs of assistance to stop smuggling.

Sugar Act

Stamp Act Taxes on paper- required stamps to be placed on all documents (marriage licenses, newspapers, etc.) and prices vary. Taxes on paper- required stamps to be placed on all documents (marriage licenses, newspapers, etc.) and prices vary. Causes: Pay for French & Indian War; 1 st direct tax- affected ALL colonies. Causes: Pay for French & Indian War; 1 st direct tax- affected ALL colonies. Effects: Violation of rights of colonists. Effects: Violation of rights of colonists. Stamp Act Congress- colonies would not take imports from G.B. until tax repealed. Stamp Act Congress- colonies would not take imports from G.B. until tax repealed.

Tar and Feather

Declaratory Act Britain could tax their colonies, mainly to finance war debt. Britain could tax their colonies, mainly to finance war debt. Cause: Control behavior of colonies. British tax colonists. Cause: Control behavior of colonies. British tax colonists. Effect: Colonists boycott/refuse. Effect: Colonists boycott/refuse.

Currency Act British $ is the only $ that can be used in the colonies. British $ is the only $ that can be used in the colonies. Colonial $ is worthless! Colonial $ is worthless!

Quartering Act Colonists provide room and board for British soldiers. Colonists provide room and board for British soldiers.

Townshend Acts Placed taxes on lead, paper, oil, paint, glass and tea. Later the taxes were withdrawn with the exception of tea. Placed taxes on lead, paper, oil, paint, glass and tea. Later the taxes were withdrawn with the exception of tea. Causes: Need for money to pay for enforcement of the law and military protection. Causes: Need for money to pay for enforcement of the law and military protection. Effects: Boston Tea Party; boycott goods from G.B. Effects: Boston Tea Party; boycott goods from G.B.

Tea Act British East India Tea Company able to sell tea without colonial tax. Tried to undercut prices of colonial merchants and smugglers. British East India Tea Company able to sell tea without colonial tax. Tried to undercut prices of colonial merchants and smugglers. Cause: To aid finances of Tea Company and make it a monopoly on tea imports to colonies. Cause: To aid finances of Tea Company and make it a monopoly on tea imports to colonies. Effect: Tea boycotts, Boston Tea Party, American Revolution. Effect: Tea boycotts, Boston Tea Party, American Revolution.

Tea Act

Boston Tea Party Colonists dressed up like Indians and went on board 3 British tea ships and threw 90,000 lbs. of tea into the harbor. Colonists dressed up like Indians and went on board 3 British tea ships and threw 90,000 lbs. of tea into the harbor. Causes: Britain did not remove the tax on tea when they withdrew the Townshend Act. Causes: Britain did not remove the tax on tea when they withdrew the Townshend Act. Effects: Britain became extremely mad with the colonists. British government passes the Intolerable Acts. Effects: Britain became extremely mad with the colonists. British government passes the Intolerable Acts.

Boston Tea Party

Boston Massacre British soldiers fired shots into the crowd of Bostonians that were heaving snowballs at them. Two men were killed and eight were injured. British soldiers fired shots into the crowd of Bostonians that were heaving snowballs at them. Two men were killed and eight were injured. Causes: Colonists were showing anger toward the British soldiers that they did not want there (Quartering Act). Causes: Colonists were showing anger toward the British soldiers that they did not want there (Quartering Act). Effects: British government passed the Intolerable Acts. Effects: British government passed the Intolerable Acts.

Intolerable Acts British government placed soldiers in people’s homes and shut down the Boston Port (harbor). British government placed soldiers in people’s homes and shut down the Boston Port (harbor). Causes: Colonists’ reactions to British Acts (Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre) Causes: Colonists’ reactions to British Acts (Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre) Effects: The American Revolution. Effects: The American Revolution. S.C. helped Boston- sent rice. S.C. helped Boston- sent rice.

First Continental Congress 5 wealthy Lowcountry men from S.C. sent as reps- Rutledge, Rutledge, Middleton, Lynch, & Gadsden. 5 wealthy Lowcountry men from S.C. sent as reps- Rutledge, Rutledge, Middleton, Lynch, & Gadsden. Want peaceful solution Want peaceful solution Write letter to G.B.- no trade with colonies except rice from S.C. Write letter to G.B.- no trade with colonies except rice from S.C. Colonies only trade with each other. Colonies only trade with each other. Middleton is President of Congress. Middleton is President of Congress.

First Continental Congress

Opinions of S.C. Believed Great Britain violated colonists’ rights. Believed Great Britain violated colonists’ rights. 3 Groups: 3 Groups: 1. Patriots- oppose G.B. 1. Patriots- oppose G.B. 2. Loyalists- support G.B. 2. Loyalists- support G.B. 3. Non-supporters- no war 3. Non-supporters- no war