Do-First-5 Minutes Read “What is a population Pyramid” and answer the question that follows. This reading is on the reverse side of the 1 st page of your handout from yesterday. Do NOT turn in material world paper.

POPULATION GEOGRAPHY SWBAT – Make inferences about country population and development by analyzing population pyramids.

7, 365, 808, 131 World Population at 6:15 AM 09/15/15

Today world population is estimated to be 7.3+ BILLION people – the most in human history! !

Population Density

Which continent has the largest population??? ASIA

What is a population pyramid? It is a diagram that gives information about the proportion of males and females in each age group. Also shows: - proportion of young people (0 -14 ) - proportion of working people (15 – 59) - proportion of elderly people (60+)

Importance of Population Pyramids Each pyramid tells a story about the past, present & future of a country & its people. Policy Planning ~ future housing estates ~ future schools ~ future jobs Comparison with other countries ~ developed (US) vs developing (India)

How to read a population pyramid? Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group Comment on general shape of the pyramid Note the proportion of people in various age groups Note the sex ratio Interpret the data

Population Pyramids are just 2 Bar Graphs turned back-to-back so you can see population growth patterns.

One side shows MALES, the other side shows FEMALES

The population will be graphed in RAW NUMBERS (like here) NOT  Population Pyramids in percentages do NOT show you how big/small the population of a country is.  Population Pyramids in raw numbers make you add up all the info from both sides to get the total population.

The older population is on top – The younger population is on the bottom

Population Pyramids should be labeled with the location and the year

Population Pyramids can also show wars and pandemics

What the Shapes Mean Developing or Less Developed Country (LDC) Newly Industrialized (NIC) Developed or More Developed Country (MDC) Shape of pyramids is controlled by births, deaths, & migrations

Triangular-shaped Pyramid (Broad-based Pyramid) What is the largest age group? (YOUNG, OLD, WORKING) WHY DO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NEED SO MANY CHILDREN???

Triangular Pyramid Title: India, 2000 Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates Narrow Top - small elderly pop - high death rate Proportion: - Large proportion of young people - high dependency ratio

Beehive-shaped Pyramid

Title: Brazil, 2012 Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base – Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growth Proportion: Large proportion of working population, yr old large group of economically active pop

Rectangular-shaped Pyramid

Rectangular Pyramid Title: Netherlands, 2000 Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates Proportion:- Life-expectancy is high e.g Low death rates

What is an Economic Indicator? An economic indicator is a statistic about the economy. Just like sports stats tell us how an athlete is performing, economic indicators help us know how a country is doing economically, though many people use them to assess the health of a country as a whole.

LIFE EXPECTANCY/INFANT MORTALITY RATE LE: The number of years on average a person from that country could expect to live. LE: The number of years on average a person from that country could expect to live. IMR: Number of infant deaths per 1000 live births IMR: Number of infant deaths per 1000 live births Way to see how strong/weak a country’s health care is.

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) Total value of all the goods (stuff) and services (help) produced in a country over a year Total value of all the goods (stuff) and services (help) produced in a country over a year. Tells you whether a country’s economy is going up or down. Tells you whether a country’s economy is going up or down.

PER CAPITA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) NOT Total value of all the goods (stuff) and services (help) produced by an average person in a country over a year (NOT how much they earn). This tells you if a country has high-skilled or low-skilled workers. USA GDP $16.8 Trillion Dollars USA GDP Per Capita $53,000

LITERACY RATES The percentage of people who can read and write in a country The percentage of people who can read and write in a country Tells you how well educated a country is and if they have high-skilled workers or not Tells you how well educated a country is and if they have high-skilled workers or not *95% and lower and considered to be low literacy rates

The Human Development Index The HDI is an indicator of level of development for each country. It is a calculation of different economic indicators that is always a number between 0-1. It tells us if a country is Developing, Newly Industrialized, or Developed. The indicators included in this index are: – 1) Life Expectancy – 2) Infant Mortality – 3) Literacy Rates – 4) GDP Per Capita WHAT IS THE KEY TO AIDING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT?????

Infrastructure the fundamental structures and systems serving a country, city, or area:: transportation and communication systems, power plants, and schools

Putting it all together The shape of a Population Pyramid will tell you the general level of development for a country. With the level of development you can then assume a HDI number range as well as the life expectancy, infant mortality rates, GDP per capita and literacy rates of a nation.

Developing/Less Developed Country LDC) Pyramid Shape Triangle Example Country Congo Ranked # DTM Level – Stage 1 and Stage 2 – LDC=Stage 1 – Developing=Stage 2 HDI: – Life Expectancy – Low Infant Mortality Rate – High Literacy Rates – Low (<95%) Gross Domestic Product – Nearly None-Low Economic Activities – Primarily Primary Infrastructure: Relatively little Lack of electricity Lack of clean water Lack of roads, Airports, Ports Quality of Life: Low, little literacy, nutrition, or medical care

Newly Industrialized Country (NIC) HDI: Life Expectancy – Increasing Infant Mortality Rate – Decreasing Literacy Rates – Increasing Gross Domestic Product – Low to Medium but Increasing Economic Activities – Primarily Secondary Pyramid Shape – Beehive Example Country – China Ranked # DTM Level – Stage 3 Infrastructure: Increasing Things are being built as wealth increases Long process, very expensive Quality of Life: Still low in most places, but improving in many ways

Developed/More Developed Country (MDC) Pyramid Shape Rectangle Example Country – Norway Ranked # DTM Level – Stage 4 HDI: – Life Expectancy – High Infant Mortality Rate – Low Literacy Rates – High (>95%) Gross Domestic Product – High Economic Activities – Tertiary and Quaternary Infrastructure: Strong High amount of roads, Airports, Ports Clean water systems Electricity available to all Quality of Life: High, with good nutrition, medical care, education

DTM

HANS ROSLING =jbkSRLYSojo

Practice: Write down whether the given indicator will be high or low based on the given level of development.

Test yourself. Answer the following question with help of using your notes.

MATERIAL WORLD 14 Groups You pick the partner Separate Yourselves into your 14 groups.

USA

RUSSIA

UNITED KINGDOM (ENGLAND, SCOTTLAND, WALES)

MALI

SOUTH AFRICA

IRAQ

KUWAIT

BHUTAN

JAPAN

MONGOLIA

THAILAND

CUBA

HAITI

MEXICO