Covalent Bonds Chapter 5 Section 3. Covalent Bonds The chemical bond when two atoms SHARE electrons. The chemical bond when two atoms SHARE electrons.

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Presentation transcript:

Covalent Bonds Chapter 5 Section 3

Covalent Bonds The chemical bond when two atoms SHARE electrons. The chemical bond when two atoms SHARE electrons. Usually form between atoms of NONMETALS or between a NONMETAL + HYDROGEN. Usually form between atoms of NONMETALS or between a NONMETAL + HYDROGEN. By sharing electrons, each atom has a stable outer shell. By sharing electrons, each atom has a stable outer shell.

By sharing electrons in a covalent bond, each Fluorine atom has a stable set of eight valence electrons.

The nitrogen atom in ammonia has eight valence electrons as a result of forming covalent bonds with hydrogen atoms.

Let’s Play “Gotcha!”

Double Bonds

Triple Bonds!

Physical Characteristics of Covalent Compounds A.K.A = “Molecular Compounds” A.K.A = “Molecular Compounds” Lower Melting and Boiling points Lower Melting and Boiling points Do not conduct electrical current when melted or dissolved in water. Do not conduct electrical current when melted or dissolved in water. Why do you think that Molecular Compound do not conduct a current?

Unequal Sharing of Electrons Occurs when an atom of an element pulls more strongly on shared electrons. Occurs when an atom of an element pulls more strongly on shared electrons. Causes the bonded atoms to have slight electrical charges. Causes the bonded atoms to have slight electrical charges. Atom that is pulling electrons stronger has a slight ___________ charge. Atom that is pulling electrons stronger has a slight ___________ charge. Atom with the weaker pull has a slight ____________ charge. Atom with the weaker pull has a slight ____________ charge. Unequal bonding is called Polar bond Unequal bonding is called Polar bond Equal bonding is called Nonpolar bond. Equal bonding is called Nonpolar bond.