2.3 Other Types of Graphs Instructor: Alaa saud Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

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2.3 Other Types of Graphs Instructor: Alaa saud Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

2.3 Other Types of Graphs Several other types of graphs are often used in statistics. We will discuss three other types of graphs as follows: 1. A bar graph 2. A Pareto chart 3. The Time series graph 4. The Pie graph Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

1.A bar graph represents the data by using vertical or horizontal bars whose heights or lengths represent the frequencies of the data.  When the data are qualitative or categorical,bar graphs can be used. Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book. qualitative or categorical

Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

2-A Pareto chart is used to represent a frequency distribution for a categorical variable, and the frequencies are displayed by the heights of vertical bars, which are arranged in order from highest to lowest.  Pareto chart When the variable displayed on the horizontal axis is qualitative or categorical, a Pareto chart can be used

Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

3-A time series graph represents data that occur over a specific period of time.  When data are collected over a period of time, they can be represented by a time series graph (line chart)  Compound time series graph: when two data sets are compared on the same graph. Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book. Quantitative variable

Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

is a circle that is divided into sections or wedges according to the percentage of frequencies in each category of the distribution  The purpose of the pie graph is to show the relationship of the parts to the whole by visually comparing the sizes of the sections.  Percentages or proportions can be used.  The variable is nominal or categorical Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book. 4-A pie graph qualitative or categorical

Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

Example 2-12: Construct a pie graph showing the blood types of the army inductees described in example 2-1 PercentFrequencyClass 205A 287B 369O 164AB 100N=25 Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

Misleading Graph

stem and leaf plots  A stem and leaf plots is a data plot that uses part of a data value as the stem and part of the data value as the leaf to form groups or classes.  The stem and leaf plot is a method of organizing data and is a combination of sorting and graphing.. A stem and leaf plots Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book. Quantitative variable

leafStem is shown as 41 is shown as Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

Example 2-13: At an outpatient testing center, the number of cardiograms performed each day for 20 days is shown. Construct a stem and leaf plot for the data Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

LeafStem Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book

Example 1 : Data in ordered array: 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41 stemLeaf Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.

Example 2 : Data in ordered array: 324,327,330,332,335,341,345 LeafStem Note: This PowerPoint is only a summary and your main source should be the book.