C. Johannesson I. Waves & Particles (p. 117-124) Ch. 5 - Electrons in Atoms.

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Presentation transcript:

C. Johannesson I. Waves & Particles (p ) Ch. 5 - Electrons in Atoms

C. Johannesson A. Waves Wavelength ( ) - length of one complete wave Frequency ( ) - # of waves that pass a point during a certain time period –hertz (Hz) = 1/s Amplitude (A) - distance from the origin to the trough or crest

C. Johannesson A. Waves A greater amplitude (intensity) greater frequency (color) crest origin trough A

C. Johannesson B. EM Spectrum LOWENERGYLOWENERGY HIGHENERGYHIGHENERGY

C. Johannesson B. EM Spectrum LOWENERGYLOWENERGY HIGHENERGYHIGHENERGY ROYG.BIV redorangeyellowgreenblueindigoviolet

C. Johannesson B. EM Spectrum Frequency & wavelength are inversely proportional c = c:speed of light (3.00  10 8 m/s) :wavelength (m, nm, etc.) :frequency (Hz)

C. Johannesson B. EM Spectrum GIVEN: = ? = 434 nm = 4.34  m c = 3.00  10 8 m/s WORK : = c = 3.00  10 8 m/s 4.34  m = 6.91  Hz EX: Find the frequency of a photon with a wavelength of 434 nm.

C. Johannesson B. EM Spectrum What happens to the frequency if the wavelength is shorter? Try calculating the frequency if the wavelength is 405nm.

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory Planck (1900) –Observed - emission of light from hot objects –Concluded - energy is emitted in small, specific amounts (quanta) –Quantum - minimum amount of energy change

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory Planck (1900) vs. Classical TheoryQuantum Theory

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory Einstein (1905) –Observed - photoelectric effect

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory Einstein (1905) –Concluded - light has properties of both waves and particles “wave-particle duality” –Photon - particle of light that carries a quantum of energy

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory E:energy (J, joules) h:Planck’s constant (  J·s) :frequency (Hz) E = h The energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency.

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory GIVEN: E = ? = 4.57  Hz h =  J·s WORK : E = h E = (  J·s ) ( 4.57  Hz ) E = 3.03  J EX: Find the energy of a red photon with a frequency of 4.57  Hz.

C. Johannesson C. Quantum Theory Violet light has a frequency of 7.41x10 14 Hz, does it have more or less energy than red light?