Photosynthesis & Respiration

Autotrophs = auto (self), self-sustaining, plants and some other types of organisms use sun’s light energy to produce food Heterotrophs= hetero (other), animals and other organisms, can’t use the sun’s energy directly, they obtain energy from the foods they consume –Eat grasses (herbivores) –Eat other animals (carnivores) –Eat dead/decomposing things (decomposers) –Eat plants and animals (omnivores- you!)

What is Photosynthesis? The process of photosynthesis is a chemical reaction. It is the most important chemical reaction on our planet.

What is the Equation for the Chemical Reaction of Photosynthesis?

What is the equation for the chemical reaction of photosynthesis?

Six molecules of carbon dioxide react with six molecules of water to form 1 molecule of glucose and six molecules of oxygen.

Describe Photosynthesis

The process of changing light energy to chemical energy Energy stored as sugar Occurs in plants and some algae Plants need light energy, CO 2, and H 2 O Takes place in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll, the green pigment in plantschloroplasts chlorophyll

What happens during photosynthesis?

Plants capture light energy and use that energy to make glucose Sunlight provides the energy needed by chlorophyll to change molecules of carbon dioxide and water into glucose Oxygen is also released in this reaction

What happens during photosynthesis? Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through holes called stomatastomata CO 2 combines with the stored energy in the chloroplasts through a chemical reaction to make glucose The sugar is moved through tubes in the leaf to the roots, stems and fruits of the plants Some of the sugar is used right away by the plant for energy; some is stored as starch; and some is built into plant tissue

Why is this important to us?

1.We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants. Plants are the first step in the food chain.

Why is this important to us? 2.The oxygen released during photosynthesis is necessary for all living things.

What is Cellular Respiration?

The release of chemical energy for use by cells.

In order to remain healthy organisms must be able to obtain, change, move and get rid of materials. ALL OF THIS REQUIRES ENERGY (ATP)

Energy is stored in a chemical form called ATP ATP = adenosine triphosphate, the main energy compound cells use to store and release energy ADP= adenosine diphosphate is the base for making ATP, and a 3 rd phosphate is added to ADP to make ATP, like charging a battery By breaking the bonds (shared electrons) between the phosphate groups, energy is released

How do cells charge ADP back into ATP? Through breaking down food to produce energy. Food is used to “recharge” the batteries.

What is Cellular Respiration? Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. photosynthesis This process is cellular respiration.

Describe Cellular Respiration

Changing of stored chemical energy in food to a useable form for organisms Takes place in all living things

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?