TED Unit 2 Lesson 1

BIG IDEA:

QUESTIONS TO PONDER…  When did technology begin?  What were the first inventions?  How did technology impact humans?

PALEOLITHIC AGE  BC (490,000 years)  Earliest known stone tool manufacture  Artifacts: stone axes, bone needles, hearth sites  Impacts on history: Improved diet, helped enable early humans to increase their numbers.

MESOLITHIC AGE  BC (6,000 years)  Rise in dominance of microlithics  Artifacts: leatherwork, basketry, fishing tackle, stone axes and wooden objects, canoes and bows, domesticated animals, stone circles, hinges  Impacts on History: Domestication of plants and animals led to the beginning of settled communities.

NEOLITHIC AGE  BC (1,700 years)  Development of agriculture and year-round settlements  Artifacts: pottery, polished stone tools, spinning and weaving tools, wooden plows, sickles  Impact on history: Dependable year round food supply, division of labor and specialization that further drives invention and innovation

FUN FACTS!  Mesopotamian engineers: clay tablets to document irrigation systems, “city” plans, etc.  Babylonian engineers: mathematical concepts for land excavation calculations  Egyptian engineers: built pyramids and complex irrigation systems

BRONZE AGE  BC (1,600 years)  Earliest civilizations and development of metallurgy Copper + Tin = Bronze  Artifacts: bronze jewelry, tools, weapons  Impact on History: Stone tools being replaced by metal ones; helped humans alter environment at a great rate

IRON AGE  700 BC – 450 AD (1,150 years)  Iron used as main metal  Artifacts: iron chisels, ornamental jewelry, swords, axes, spearheads  Impact on History: Military starting to find uses for iron weapons; iron-bladed plows enabled humans to increase food production

FUN FACTS!  Greek Engineers: created crossbow and catapult to conquer territories  Roman engineers: created aqueduct systems, sanitary systems, and road systems. First steam engine created during Roman Empire

MIDDLE AGE  AD (950 years)  Right in the middle!  Artifacts: wheeled plow, horseshoes, waterwheels, windmill, cast iron, cannons, compass, ocean-going ships  Impact on History: rise of money and capitalism, beginning of urbanization and industrialization

FUN FACTS!  The word engineer began to appear Comes from the Latin word “ingenaire”-to design or devise  Arab: developing paper and chemistry applications  Chinese: developing clocks, gunpowder, and astronomical instruments

RENAISSANCE  AD (350 years)  Artifacts: telescope, microscope, thermometer, clocks, barometer  Impact on History: Instrumentation allowed scientists to observe and test natural phenomena

ENGINEER SPOTLIGHT: Leonardo daVinci Born in Italy in 1452 Began career as an artist Painting and Sculpting Put to work designing weapons, buildings, and machinery Credited for first Helicopter design

ENGINEER SPOTLIGHT: Galileo Born in Italy in 1564 Discovered many physics property Credited for inventing the Telescope

INDUSTRIAL AGE  AD (200 years)  First use of complex machinery and factories; moving away from agricultural societies  Artifacts: steam engine, electricity, automobile, airplane, radio, television, telephone, rocket  Impact on History: Rise of urban centers requiring municipal services; expanding population, living standards improved

ENGINEER SPOTLIGHT!  James Watts Refines steam engine for practical use  Alessandro Volta Discovers principles for a battery  Henry Ford Creates concept of the Assembly Line

INFORMATION AGE  (65+ years)  Gathering, manipulation, classification, storage, and retrieval of information  Artifacts: transistor, IC, computer, satellite, digital photography, artificial heart, nuclear power plants, space shuttle  Impact on History: Scattering of decision making processes and empowering more people