S ELF A WARENESS AND C AREER M ANAGEMENT Semester 2, Session 1

S TARTER Write or draw a picture of all the jobs that you have tried so far that you enjoyed at least part of Think about all the jobs you might like to try and do the same How many did you come up with? Are their any themes? Did anyone struggle to come up with any/more than one?

B IG P ICTURE 1) Review your chosen career path from PDP and Developing Management Capabilities. Reflect on it and consider if it has changed 2) Use the psychometric tests and other self assessment tools we will be using this semester to justify your career choice 3) Examine the job opportunities in your chosen field; exploring ALL possibly routes you could take, analysing them in light of restraints (eg competition, location, need for further qualifications etc) 4) Conduct a transferable skills audit from the person specifications and job descriptions that you have found and create an action plan on how you can close the gap 2000 word report, 40% weighting 9 th March deadline

T ODAY ’ S L EARNING OUTCOMES Identify what a career is and why is it important Define career theory Holland’s career inventory Career Anchors

W HAT IS A CAREER ? As with most academic study their is no single definition of a career but a useful one is from Arthur et al 1989 in Jackson et al (1996 p8) ‘the evolving sequence of a person’s work experience over time’ According to Talbott (2013 p8) ‘ A career is a way of earning a living, which of itself gives personal satisfaction and is part of a satisfying and enjoyable life’

W HY ARE CAREERS IMPORTANT ? The Office for National Statistics set up a well-being index in 2010 and found that contributing factors to ‘happiness’ include: job satisfaction, adequate income and wealth, work-life balance, meaning and purpose People are working longer, jobs are no longer ‘for life’, technology means that jobs that need doing/are available are changing, the number of people receiving degree level education is increasing Individuals will need and may want to change careers more often

K EY DEFINITIONS Boundary-less career = the opposite to a career in a single organisation (boundaried) – it involves moving organisations/careers/having ‘gap’ years/may be having a portfolio career (ie several part time, possibly unrelated jobs) Protean career = According to Hall 1976 is a career managed by an individual not organisation and encompasses all their experience in education, training, working in different organisations, changes in occupational field etc.  ‘The protean career is not what happens to the person in any one organisation’ (in Arthur and Rosseau 1996 p241)

C AREER D EVELOPMENT THEORY For the past 100 years Career Development Theories has fallen into 4 categories:  Trait theory – matching personal traits to occupations (Parsons 1900s)  Developmental – Self concept over life span (Super 1950s)  Decision – Situational or Sociological (Bandura 1970s)  Psychological – personality types matching work environment (Holland 1980s)

S TUDENT ACTIVITY In pairs research the theory you have been given. Consider what the main premise of the theory is and how useful it is in explaining your current situation What do you think are the positives of the theory? And the limitations? Make a brief power-point presentation to relay back your findings to the rest of the group. If you don’t like doing presentations here is a chance to practice in a safe environment...

H OLLAND ’ S CAREER INVENTORY Holland’s career interest inventory: test test Any surprises? Any new ideas? Any thoughts about the questionnaire construction?

W HY ARE WE DOING ALL THIS NAVAL GAZING ? ( INTROSPECTION ) Gattiker and Larwood (1988/9 in Talbott 2013) found career satisfaction is a central factor in career success. Career satisfaction is linked to doing something you enjoy but not everyone knows this straight away In order to select an appropriate career it is useful to have self awareness, knowledge of your interests and achievements. We are going to do another exercise now in which you can learn/confirm your career thoughts If you already know what you want to do you can still learn whether or not your ideal is what is suggested by the exercises. If its not what are they telling you? Are they valid?

S CHEIN ’ S CAREER ANCHORS Your Career Anchor represents your unique combination of perceived career competence, motives, and values Your Career Anchors help you identify what is more important to you and thus suggest areas of career choice Please complete the questionnaire and then score it according to the instructions to find your Career Anchors

S UMMARY We have looked at career definitions and importance We have considered 4 different career theories and critiqued them We have undertaken at 2 self evaluation exercises to look at career drivers

C ORE T EXT RECOMMENDED READING Career Management and Work-Life Integration by Harrington and Hall chapter 2 Career Management by Greenhaus et al chapter 3

N EXT WEEK Values elicitation exercise Achievement/accomplishment exercise 10 years out exercise Career Maturity Exercise