Electron Configuration

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Presentation transcript:

Electron Configuration 301 Chemistry

Maximum electrons per shell Year 12 – The Bohr Atom Electron configurations used only the energy levels (shells).. Eg. Electron configuration for Ca atom is: 2, 8, 8, 2 Maximum electrons per shell 1st shell 2 2nd shell 8 3rd shell 18 4th shell 32 5th shell 50

Sub-Levels A studies suggested that the main energy levels were split into sub levels. Level 1 was split into 1 sub level Level 2 was split into 2 sub levels Level 3 was split into 3 sub levels Level 4 was split into 4 sub levels

Sub-Levels There are 4 types: s, p, d & f Each of the sublevels contain orbitals An orbital is... a region in space where one is likely to find an electron. Orbitals can hold up to two electrons as long as they have opposite spin. (Paulis exclusion principle)

Sub-Level Orbitals ORBITAL SHAPE OCCURRENCE s spherical one in every principal level p dumb-bell three in levels from 2 upwards d various five in levels from 3 upwards f various seven in levels from 4 upwards

s - orbitals spherical one occurs in every principal energy level

p - orbitals dumb-bell shaped three occur in energy levels except the first

d - orbitals various shapes five occur in energy levels except the first and second

PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVELS Order of Filling Orbitals 1 1s 2 2s 2p 3d 3 3s 3p 4s 4 4p 4d 4f PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVELS SUB LEVELS THE FILLING ORDER 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 6s 6p 6d 7s 7p HOW TO REMEMBER ... Orbitals are not filled in numerical order . The principal energy levels get closer together as you get further from the nucleus. This results in overlap of sub levels.