Traditional Thoughts and Values in Korea Korea society: Korea for Beginners Summer, 2011 Korea society: Korea for Beginners Summer, 2011

Types of Religion/Philosophy  Transnational, Global Religions  Local indigenous Religions  Syncretistic New Religions in 19th and 20th centuries  Transnational, Global Religions  Local indigenous Religions  Syncretistic New Religions in 19th and 20th centuries

The Story of Religion and Philosophy in Korea  Development of culture and Identity  Models of society/Social Organization  Bridges to Non- korean Peoples and Societies  Development of culture and Identity  Models of society/Social Organization  Bridges to Non- korean Peoples and Societies  Sources : Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity, Islam,  Western Science and Civilization

Indigenous Religions  Shamanic mediums  Local gods, Ancestors, Folk Heroes  Rituals for Good Fortune, avoidance of disasters, Calamities, Sickness  Shamanic mediums  Local gods, Ancestors, Folk Heroes  Rituals for Good Fortune, avoidance of disasters, Calamities, Sickness

Religion in the Pre- Modern Period  Religion a matter of State and Royal Sponsorship  Used to create state cohesion and uniform culture  Guaranteed self-rule vis-à-vis the Chinese Imperial state  The Chinese Mandate extended to Korean Peninsula  Religion a matter of State and Royal Sponsorship  Used to create state cohesion and uniform culture  Guaranteed self-rule vis-à-vis the Chinese Imperial state  The Chinese Mandate extended to Korean Peninsula

Confucianism  Ideology of Family Loyalty, Filial Piety  Rule of Law/Loyalty to Kings and Queens  Worship of Ancestors, Confucius, Confucian Worthies  Ideology of Family Loyalty, Filial Piety  Rule of Law/Loyalty to Kings and Queens  Worship of Ancestors, Confucius, Confucian Worthies  Reverence for Confucian Scriptures, Confucian Learning, and their use in recruitment of Persons of Merit for Government of state

Daoism  Primary Cosmological ideology - The Nature of the Universe, time, space, and Change  Human health, happiness, and transcendence  Primary Cosmological ideology - The Nature of the Universe, time, space, and Change  Human health, happiness, and transcendence  Daoist calendars, divination (geomancy and Fortune-telling), medicine, alchemy, rituals adopted  Rituals for the protection of state and Royal Family  Values of naturalism, simplicity, primitivsm, pacifism, and esteem for the the feminine

Buddhism  Longest and strongest influence  Ideology of Psychological disspassion  Personal salvation  Longest and strongest influence  Ideology of Psychological disspassion  Personal salvation  Shared worldview with Chinese and Japanese  Major influence on Fine Arts  Values of scholarship, discipline,Public Compassion, transculturalism

Christianity  Catholic Christianity from China via books in 17th century  Protestant Christianity in 19th cenury  Appeal as rational religion of Social Equality  Catholic Christianity from China via books in 17th century  Protestant Christianity in 19th cenury  Appeal as rational religion of Social Equality  Appeal as religion of modernity, science, the rule of law  Source of renewed Nationalism during Japanese Occupation

The New Religions  Products of inter-cultural and socio- econic stress  Anti- establishment, View Global religions as corrupt  Products of inter-cultural and socio- econic stress  Anti- establishment, View Global religions as corrupt  Syncretic and synthetic- Combine elements of indigenous and Global religions in new way  Nostalgia  Ethno-nationalistic  Tonghak- Chondogyo

New Religions - 2  Chungsankyo  Won Buddhism ( Won Pulgyo)  Tanjon Hohup Society  Chungsankyo  Won Buddhism ( Won Pulgyo)  Tanjon Hohup Society