MEDIA, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY An Introduction. Relasi Teknologi & Masyarakat Kontroversi How far technology does or does not condition social change?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Topic: What is Social Studies?

Advertisements

International Relations Theory

Chapter 32: Critical Approaches Important in the Study of Literature

Social Theory of Max Weber Spring RATIONAL NONRATIONAL COLLECTIVE INDIVIDUAL Alienation  commodity fetishism Marx surplus value  class conflict.

Week 2: Major Worldviews January 10, 2007

SOC Lecture 4 Karl Marx. Last week Durkheim on history as a social process largely independent of the individuals who enact it. ‘Forced division.

Marxism Michael Lacewing co.uk.

Lesson 1: Sociological Constructs and Theories

Lecture 5. Political Culture and Political Socialization

Chapter 1: What is Sociology?. What is Sociology? Developing A Sociological Perspective Development of Sociological Thinking Is Sociology A Science How.

Copyright © 2002 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. Topic 9 : Marketing (1) Lecturer: Zhu Wenzhong.

Developing a Sociological Consciousness Sociology 10-Introduction to Sociology.

Theory of media and society

Marxism Brave New World.

Definition of Feminism The theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes. Organized activity on behalf of women’s rights and interests.

Understanding Media Theory

Media and culture. Defining ‘Culture’ One of the slipperiest concepts in social theory –A 1952 survey of the anthropology literature by Kroeber and Kluckhorn.

Traditional approaches to the formulation of an accounting theory

1 Economic System Dr. Kazi Shahdat Kabir

Developing a Sociological Consciousness

Introducing Comparative Politics

Understanding Cross-Cultural Psychology. What is Cross Cultural Psychology? The critical and comparative study of cultural effects on human psychology.

Sociological theory Where did it come from? Theories and theorists Current theoretical approaches Sociology as science.

Prepared by Dr. Hazem Abu-Orf Urban Planning of Arabic Cities Urban Planning, its theory & Development.

Unit 1: Culture and Social Structure

Comparative Criminal Justice Theoretical Issues. QUESTIONS Theoretically, if we consider crime from the perspectives of crime as a social phenomenon (crime.

 coined by Thorstein Veblem  Marshall McLuhan:“The medium IS the message.”  "Technology determines history" Rosalind Williams.

POSC 2200 – The State, Decision Making and Foreign Policy Russell Alan Williams Department of Political Science.

ETEC 531 Cultural and New Media Studies Dr. Stephen Petrina and Dr. Franc Feng Media Production #1 Education and Theoretical Frameworks Produced by Jill.

USERS AND TECHNOLOGY: PERSPECTIVES ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY I203 Social and Organizational Issues of Information.

Marxism and Marxist Literary Criticism

Marxist Literary Criticism Lord of the Flies

THE BEGINNING OF MARXIST LITERARY CRITICISM Literary Criticism Sandya Maulana, S.S.

The Sociological Imagination

Mrs. Hansen Sociology. Section 1: Examining Social Life  Sociology: The study of human society and social behavior, focusing on social interaction.

One of the fathers of Sociology. German philosopher, political economist and sociologist who together with Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim are considered.

Postmodernism IMKE Intro Last time: Virtual reality What’s reality? What’s virtual?

AN INTRODUCTION TO MARXIST THEORY

Introduction to theoretical perspectives Marxism.

Sociology of Scientific Knowledge week 5 Economic Methodology.

Teaching Today: An Introduction to Education 7 th edition Part 1: The Profession Chapter 1: Education in an Age of Change Armstrong, Henson, & Savage Teaching.

Conflict Theory Sociology.

Recognizing Rationalizing Resisting Change in a complex world.

CONFLICT THEORIES MARXISM and FEMINISM.

Critically Thinking about Digital Media. Basic Media History Gutenburg Movable type, c (before? … ) Newspapers / magazines Telegraph (1844) / telephone.

Last week’s focus: communication as information This week’s focus: media technology in the writings of Walter Benjamin and Marshall McLuhan.

Introduction to the Study of Sociology and Anthropology.

Socialism  “Early nineteenth century theory that sought to replace the existing capitalist structure and values with visionary solutions or ideal communities.”

Part III.  Karl Marx ( )  Social change  Growth of industrial production and resulting social inequalities  European labor movement.

WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?. Sociology is… A social science The systematic study of human society and social behavior. FOCUSES ATTENTION ON PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR.

111 ACC2013 New Media Week 8 Television: Technology and Society Debates.

Mass Communication Theoretical Approaches. The Dominant Paradigm The Dominant Paradigm combines a view of powerful media in a mass society Characterized.

Base and Superstructure (Marxism). Base and Superstructure form a synthetic pair explicitly or implicitly common to all socialisms but due as such to.

Introduction to the Social Sciences. Today’s Class Outline What is Social Science? Overview of Disciplines What is Science? Critical Response Paragraphs.

1 Introduction The social sciences are the fields of scholarship that study society. "Social science" is commonly used as an umbrella term to refer to.

WHAR IS HISTORICAL MATERIALISM?? Historical materialism is a methodological approach to the study of society, economics, and history, first articulated.

INSTITUTIONS: FAMILY AND EDUCATION Stratification Part 1.

‘individual characteristics of a particular medium’ medium theory.

Developing a Sociological Consciousness

Marxism Brave New World.

Lecture 2 Classical Marxism.

Sociological theories

Media Studies: Week 2: Medium Theory The Gutenberg Press ( )

How the outsider of society affects the events in the text

The study of Modernity: What is the world like TODAY?

Sociological Perspective & Basic Terminology

Class in the Making of the Modern World

History of Women in Technology Female achievements in technoscience

Sociological Criticisms

The study of Modernity: What is the world like TODAY?

Presentation transcript:

MEDIA, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY An Introduction

Relasi Teknologi & Masyarakat Kontroversi How far technology does or does not condition social change? Most popular & influential theory of the relationship between technology & society - Technological Determinism - Social Construction of Technology (Constructivism)

Varieties of Theory Technology is:AutonomousHumanly Controlled NeutralDeterminism (traditional Marxism, fulfill natural needs) Instrumentalism Value-ladenSubstantivism (Jacques Ellul’ ends implicated in technical means) Critical Theory (Foucault & Marcuse)

TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM Technology The medium of daily life in modern societies (every major technical changes reverberates at many levels, economic, political, religious, cultural) (Feenberg,1999) Media Determinism Determinism = essentialism (Chandler, 1995)

Roots Seeks to explain social & historical phenomena in terms of one principal or determining factor (doctrine of historical or causal primacy) Thorstein Veblen View: technology-led theory of social change (technology is seen as “the prime mover in history)

Definitions Technology is seen as the fundamental condition underlying the pattern of social organization Technology in general and communications technologies in particular as the basis of society in the past, present and the future

Technological Determinists Karl Marx “the windmill gives you society with feudal lord; the steam-mill, society with the industrial capitalist” Harold Innis & Marshall McLuhan “such inventions a the horse collar quickly led to the development of the modern world”

Leslie White ‘we may view a cultural system as a series of three horizontal strata: the technological layer on the bottom, the philosophical on the top, the sociological stratum in between

Focus Causality; cause and effect relationships Mono-causal Reductionism (parts are assumed to affect other parts in a linear/one-way manner) Technocentrism

Critics Strong (hard) technological determinism a particular communication technology is either a sufficient condition (sole cause) determining social organization and development or at least a necessary condition (requiring additional preconditions)

Weak (soft) technological determinism the presence of a particular communication technology is an enabling or facilitating factor leading to potential opportunities which may or may not be taken up in particular societies or periods (techno-economic determinism)

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF TECHNOLOGY Technology as non-neutral/contains an ideological bias: intellectual, political, sensory, social, content biases (Neil Postman, 1979) Social or cultural determinism technologies and techniques are entirely determined by social & political factors Determination is a real social process (Raymond Williams, 1990)

The characteristics of a society play a major part in deciding which technologies are adopted (Mackenzie & Wajcman, 1985)