Writing 1 and 2—February 29, 2016 Journal: Is it difficult for you to sleep when you know you’ve done something wrong? Why or why not?

Review Soliloquy: a character, alone on stage, speaks his/her thoughts aloud to reveal inner thoughts and emotions to the audience Author's Style: the choices an author makes to express ideas in writing Tone: the author's attitude as conveyed in writing Diction: an author's word choice Syntax: sentence structure, including, but not limited to: – Fragments used for effect in writing – Simple sentence structure – Complex sentence structure – Inverted sentence structure – Interrogative sentences – Exclamatory sentences Repetition: repeated words, phrases, and images in a text, including, but not limited to: – Anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses Figurative Language: non-literal words, or groups of words, that use figures of speech and descriptions to depict ideas, including, but not limited to: – Metaphors: direct comparisons – Similes: comparisons using "like" or "as" – Personification: metaphors that attach human-like qualities to inanimate objects – Imagery: Language that appeals to the five senses

Independent Practice Paraphrase lines 1-5. Paraphrase lines Paraphrase lines Paraphrase lines

Paraphrase of King Henry IV’s Soliloquy Lines 1-5: Thousands of even my poorest subjects are sleeping right now. Oh sleep! Oh sweet sleep, nature’s gentle healer, what have I done to frighten you? You won’t weigh down my eyelids anymore, or dull my mind to make me forget. Lines 6-11: Sleep, why do you lie in dirty places, stretched out on uncomfortable cots, where insects’ buzzing is the lullaby? Why don’t you lie in the sweet-smelling bedrooms of kings, under opulent canopies, lulled with soft and beautiful music? Lines 12-22: You drowsy god, why do you lie with the common people in their loathsome beds and leave me alone like a soldier to wait for the sound of the alarm? Will you even close the eyes of the ship boy, high up on the whirling mast, and rock him gently in a cradle made of rough, tossing seas and howling winds—winds which take the waves and, curling them over, crashes them through the air with such deafening sound that they wake death itself?

Paraphrase of King Henry IV’s Soliloquy Lines 23-28: Can you, oh unfair sleep, give rest to a drenched little sailor in the midst of such roughness, and yet deny it to a king? A king on the calmest, stillest night, with everything available for sleep? Then, you happy commoners, put yourselves to bed. The head that wears the crown sleeps uneasily.

Independent Practice Lines 1-5. Describe the narrator’s tone in lines 1-5. What elements of syntax and repetition contribute to this tone? His tone is desperate. The fact that he says thousands are asleep and he is the only one awake, he repeatedly cries out to sleep, and he suggests that sleep has abandoned him contribute to this tone. Lines Shakespeare’s imagery draws distinct contrasts in lines Explain these contrasts and their implications. Sleep would rather visit the peasants and live in filth than visit the king in his lavish castle. The implications are that sleep prefers one type of person over another. We find out later on that sleep prefers the mind that is untroubled or unburdened. Lines Identify the figurative language in lines How does Shakespeare’s use of figurative language contribute to depicting King Henry’s thoughts? King Henry finds it rather unfair that common people are able to sleep easily even in the worst conditions. He compares himself to a lowly soldier that has to stand watch and keep people safe. Lines How does syntax contribute to tone and meaning in this chunk? His use of interrogative and exclamatory sentences reveals a tone of resentment for those who get to sleep well despite their social status, living conditions, and responsibilities.

Independent Practice Lines 1-5. Describe the narrator’s tone in lines 1-5. What elements of syntax and repetition contribute to this tone? Lines Shakespeare’s imagery draws distinct contrasts in lines Explain these contrasts and their implications. Lines Identify the figurative language in lines How does Shakespeare’s use of figurative language contribute to depicting King Henry’s thoughts? Lines How does syntax contribute to tone and meaning in this chunk?

Writing Assignment Write your own soliloquy addressing the need for sleep from your perspective. Requirements: – Soliloquy must be at least 10 lines. – Must be written in iambic pentameter (10 syllables in each line; needs a rhyme scheme) – Choose one or two images of focus within the piece – Employ the same elements of syntax Shakespeare uses (exclamatory sentences, interrogative sentences, repetition) – Choose diction that will help reveal the tone of your piece (how you feel about sleep) When finished with your piece reread and highlight the elements of diction, imagery, and syntax using three different colors (make a label so I know what I am looking at)

This “soliloquy” happens after Macbeth murders King Duncan in order so that he can become king. MACBETH Methought I heard a voice cry, “Sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep”—the innocent sleep, Sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care, The death of each day’s life, sore labor’s bath, Balm of hurt minds, great nature’s second course, Chief nourisher in life’s feast. LADY MACBETH What do you mean? MACBETH Still it cried, “Sleep no more!” to all the house. “Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor Shall sleep no more. Macbeth shall sleep no more.”