European emigration from 800

2 What is emigration? Emigration is a demographic phenomenon characterized by the displacement of large masses of people from one State to another. Generally, who cannot find employment opportunities sufficient to enable a decent life where he was born, moves where there are more job opportunities and favourable conditions of life. The Italian People have always been major player in migration.

3 The Factors of emigration 1. The Economic situation 2. The desire to get rich 3. The transport system that has influenced the shift 4. Political factors 5. Human Factors

Emigrant Family

5 Italian Emigrants To emigrate from Italy, are primiraly adult males, those most likely to find any job. To the south, however, are more frequent cases of whole families who leave their countries. On the demographic impact of migration caused a net loss of population.

6 Those Who Emigrated? For the social composition of migrants, the vast majority of these is made up farmers, mainly southern. At the root of the problem were the profound imbalances Italian economic and social development, especially between north and south, between city and countryside, between industrialized areas or trend in industrialization and agricultural areas and backward in the process of social disintegration and economic. In the absence of government initiatives and concrete alternatives, Southern peasant masses spontaneously chose to emigrate.

7 The travel conditions Italian emigrants who left Italy in the late ‘800 and early ‘900, made the journey in appalling conditions, crowded third-class cabins of ocean liners, which started from the main Italian ports. For all, the impact of the new world proved difficult since the first moments: crowded in the buildings of Ellis Island or some other port such as Boston, Baltimore or New Orleans immigrants, after week of travelling, they faced the examination, character medical and administrative, the outcome of which depended on the ability to set foot on American soil. The severity of the controls did rename the island of the bay of New York as the “Island of Tears”

Departure

9 The “Little Italy” Within a few years New York became the “Italian City”, the most populous after Naples. The “Little Italy” as it was once called the district inhabited by Italians. The city had great need of arms cheap to dig tunnels or to raise skyscrapers, while it was not quite equipped to welcome the new guests.

Italians to Ellie Island

Totally unprepared for the new environment, rendered blind, deaf and dumb by the inability to speak English, newcomers soon found themselves at the mercy of unscrupulous countrymen speculated on their skin, shamefully cheated, or “rent” in this or that firm construction for low-paid jobs. The inability to communicate with others even forced them to regroup together to give life to the ghettos whose living conditions are difficult to describe.

13 A conglomeration of various regional groups where every Sunday we celebrated some patron saint, where shouts echoed in all the dialects of southern Italian, but where there is almost never heard as English word. Moreover, Italian immigrants found in America a very hostile environment. Were soon rewarded with all sorts of derogatory nicknames. The most common use are still Guinea, Wop and Dago. The public, usually to make every lump, soon came to consider all the Italians of potential criminals or at least people to keep away.

14 In these districts the Italians were crammed into “tenements”, buildings of five or six floors, sometimes seven, a little over seven feet long and thirty wide, in which the conditions of life of the immigrants were very poor because of the unhygienic conditions and unhealthy environments. The Italians were accused to be dirty, to maintain a low standard of living, to be noisy and to practice primitive religious rituals.

The End