Japanese Militarism & Imperialism 1930’S

On a loose piece of paper, respond to the following: Write a journal entry from the perspective of someone from the story on Tuesday. -Grandfather -Grandmother -The privileged Japanese children -The sick railroad worker (who ate rice) Use words like: “I feel…” “I saw…” “I think…” “I’m surprised…” “I’m angry…” “I’m happy…”

How Would you Take Over a Country? In Table Groups your groups will create a detailed plan to take over the government Create a political group and clear agenda for running the your country. ◦Think about the question “what you want?” ◦Are you communist or facist? ◦Include a symbol Create a plan that would enable you to take control of the government. Create a plan to control OR eliminate political rivalries. Create a plan to control the citizens of your country. Come up with a long term plan for the future of your country. ◦What are you going to do once you have control? ◦How are you going to maintain control? Look at Pgs for real-life examples

Entry Task: 1. Get a ½ sheet from the back table 2. Take until 12:38 to complete it. No notes, just “what you remember” 3. When you’re done: turn it into the wire basket on the back table

The conditions in Japan (1930’s): Overcrowded ◦ Food shortage Because of the depression after WWI in Europe and U.S. stock market crash of 1929, Japan was not able to sell silk, one of its main products. ◦ This led to an economic depression in Japan “Western” imperialist ideals Ultra-nationalism

A few officers of Kantogun (Japanese army stationed in China), started military invasion by exploding a railroad track and blaming it on the Chinese. They started the incident without telling the Tokyo government or army headquarters. Kantogun was told to refrain from further military action but Ishihara's group ignored the order. The Chinese adopted non- resistance (not fighting back) strategy, and Manchuria was soon occupied by the Japanese troops. Japanese Invasion of Manchuria (1931)

Ultra-nationalistic army officers led their troops to stage a military government overthrow in Tokyo. The finance minister, interior minister, and education minister were assassinated. The group occupied central Tokyo for four days. The army headquarters first approved their action but later disowned them. The group was taken down by other members of the military. But this made it clear that the military controlled Japanese politics, not the government. The February 26 th Incident (1936)

Japanese soldiers at the Marco Polo Bridge on the Manchuria border used explosions heard on the Chinese side as a pretext (excuse) to invade China. The offensive (attack) developed into a full scale war. Japan enjoyed military superiority over China. The army advanced quickly and occupied Peking. By December, the Japanese had defeated Chinese forces at Shanghai and seized Nanking. There Japanese troops committed the greatest atrocity of an incredibly brutal war: the ‘Rape of Nanking’. Explosions at the Bridge (Japan invades again) (1937)

Deaths: 200, ,000 Japanese Orders: “Kill all Captives” The actual military invasion of Nanking was preceded (something came before) by a tough battle at Shanghai that began in the summer of Chinese forces there put up surprisingly strong resistance against the Japanese Army. This made the Japanese mad, and made them want revenge. After successfully defeating the Chinese army in Nanking, the Japanese soldiers raped, killed, tortured, and burned thousands of men, women, and children. Rape of Nanking ( )

Invasion of French Indochina (1940) Japanese negotiated with the French for more than a month before invading. Their original plan was “occupy” the territory to cut off resources from Indochina to mainland china ◦ The Chinese had been buying military supplies to defend from Japanese attacks from the British and French

Sino-Japanese War

Conflict that broke out when China began full-scale resistance to the expansion of Japanese influence in its territory This war was fought in Southern China and the islands of Eastern Asia ◦ Primarily fought by “Island Hopping” or small land invasions Became known as the Pacific Theater or War In the Pacific of WWII

Major Themes: The “how”: Militarism- Very strong military. Took total control of the existing government The “why”: Imperialism- To gain land and resources to support the country. Depression- Little trade with European countries after WWI caused economic depression & using land for industrialization caused food shortage.

1. Label and color a world map with the following: (use a different color for each country) -Japan -China -Italy -Germany -Russia (USSR) -United States PG: Label the type of government in each country Types of Gov: -Militarism -Capitalism -Communism -Fascism -Imperial

Announcements: Quiz grades and daily assignment grades will be updated in skyward by Sunday night TURN IN your fascism/communism comparison chart and map to the wire basket in the back