Safe Facilities and Pest Management SERVSAFE/Chapter 9 Safe Facilities and Pest Management

Interior Requirements Floors, walls and ceilings should be smooth and durable. Equipment selection should meet NSF standards meaning equipment: - should be nonabsorbent, - smooth, - corrosion resistant, - easy to clean, - resistant to damage.

TWO ways to install equipment Floor-mounted equipment: on legs at least 6 inches high or seal to a masonry base Tabletop equipment: on legs at least 4 inches high or sealed to the countertop

Purchase dishwashers that have the ability to measure: - water temperature - water pressure - cleaning and sanitizing chemical concentration Three-Compartment Sinks

Hand washing Stations Required in restrooms or directly next to them Required in areas used for food prep, service and dishwashing SHOULD ONLY BE USED FOR HANDWASHING!

Hand washing stations MUST include the following: Hot and cold running water Soap A way to dry hands Garbage container Signage (all languages)

Utilities and Building Systems Water and Plumbing: - Only water that is drinkable can be used for the preparation of food and come in contact with food-contact surfaces - Possible sources would be: 1. Approved public water mains 2. Private water sources that are regularly tested and maintained 3. Closed, portable water containers 4. Water transport vehicles

Utilities and Building Systems Plumbing - Have only licensed plumbers work on the plumbing in your operation - The greatest challenge to water safety comes from cross-connections.

Utilities and Building Systems TERMS to Know: Cross-connection: physical link between safe water and dirty water Backflow: the reverse flow of contaminants through a cross-connection into a drinkable water supply Backsiphonage: the creation of a vacuum in the plumbing system that sucks contaminants back into the water supply; caused by high water use in one area Air Gap: an air space that separates a water supply outlet from a potentially contaminated source Vacuum Breaker: a mechanical device that prevents backsiphonage by closing and sealing the water supply line shut when water flow is stopped

Utilities and Building Systems The best way to prevent backflow is to avoid creating a cross-connection. The only sure way to prevent backflow is to create an air gap. Do NOT attach a hose to a faucet unless a backflow prevention device is attached.

Lighting Lighting intensity is how bright the lights are in an operation and are measured in units called foot-candles or lux. Prep areas must be brighter than other areas. All lights should have shatter-resistant light bulbs or protective covers.

Ventilation Improves air inside of an operation. Removes heat, steam and smoke from cooking lines and eliminates fumes and odors. If ventilation systems are not working correctly, grease and condensation will build up on walls and ceilings.

PEST MANAGEMENT The greatest danger from pests come from their ability to spread diseases, including food borne illness.

3 Basic Rules to keep your operation pest free… Deny pests access to the operation Deny pests food, water, and shelter Work with a licensed pest control operator (PCO)

How to avoid pests… Refuse any shipment that has pests or signs of pests. Screen all windows and vents. Install self-closing doors and air curtains. Keep exterior openings closed when not in use. Fill or cover holes around pipes. Seal cracks in floors and walls.

PESTS Usually attracted to damp, dark and dirty places.

Did you know ????? Mice, rats and insects use pipes as highways through a facility. Rodents can burrow into buildings…they can dig through decaying masonry or cracks in building foundations. Mice can squeeze through holes the size of a nickel. Rats can pass through holes the size of a half dollar.

Identifying Pests Cockroaches Strong, oily odor Droppings (feces) that look like grains of black pepper Capsule-shaped egg cases that are brown, dark red, or black and appear leathery, smooth or shiny

Rodents (rats and mice) Gnaw marks Fresh droppings are shiny and black, older droppings are gray. Rodent urine will “glow” when exposed to a black (ultraviolet) light.

Rodents (rats and mice) continued… Rats and mice use soft materials (hair, feathers, cloth, paper, etc.) to build their nests. Tend to use the same pathway through your operation. Usually nest in holes located in quiet places near food and water.