Developmental Assessment Guidelines RNSG 1471 Health care Concepts 1 RNSG 1471 Health care Concepts 1

Physical: Birth to 1 Year Assess physical growth: – Weight – Length – Head and circumference Inspect fontanels for appropriate size Measure vital signs for normal age ranges Observe for ability to habituate to stimuli and to calm self (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Motor & Sensory: Birth to 1 Year Assess age appropriate development of gross and fine motor milestones Assess for age appropriate reflexes Observe for symmetrical movements and ability to follow age appropriate objects Observe for response to sound, such as talking or clapping hands Observe for Coo’s, babbles, laugh, vocalize, and imitate sounds (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Birth to 1 Year Assess infant for appropriate interaction with parent (s) through body movements and vocalizations (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’s of Birth to 1 Year Eat and drink appropriate amounts of breast milk, formula, and /or solid foods Exhibits and elimination pattern within normal range for age Exhibits a rest and sleep pattern appropriate for age (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Toddlers 1-3 Years Assess physical growth by measuring: – Weight – Height – Head circumference Measure vital signs for age appropriate ranges Assess vision and hearing abilities for age appropriate ranges (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Motor: Toddlers 1-3 Years Assess for age appropriate gross and fine motor milestones For example, by 3 years of age is the toddler able to do the following? – Walk up steps without assistance – Balance on one foot, jump, and walk on toes – Copy a circle – Build a bridge form blocks – Ride a tricycle (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Toddlers 1-3 Years Assess for age appropriate psychosocial developmental milestones For example, by 3 years of age is the toddler able to do the following? – Express likes and dislikes – Display curiosity and ask questions – Accept separation from mother or primary caregiver for short periods of time – Speak in sentences of three to four words (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of Toddlers 1-3 Years Feeds self Eat and drink a variety of foods Begin to develop bladder and bowel control Exhibits sleep pattern appropriate for age Dresses self (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Preschoolers 4-5 Years Assess physical growth by measuring: – Weight – Height Assess vital signs for normal age range Assess vision and hearing abilities for normal age ranges (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Motor: Preschoolers 4-5 Years Assess for age appropriate development of gross and fine motor milestones For example, by 5 years of age is the preschooler able to do the following? – Skip and jump rope – Able to climb playground equipment – Ride a bicycle with training wheels – Print numbers and letters (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Preschoolers 4-5 Years Assess age appropriate psychosocial developmental milestones For example, by 5 years of age is the preschooler able to do the following? – Separate easily from parents – Display imagination and creativity – Enjoy playing with peers in cooperative activities – Identify four colors – Demonstrate awareness of sexual differences (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of Preschoolers 4-5 Years Demonstrates development of toilet training Performs simple hygiene measures Dresses and undresses self Engages in bedtime rituals and demonstrate ability to put self to sleep (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: School Age Children 6-12 Years Assess physical growth by measuring: – Weight – Height Assess vital signs for normal age ranges Assess vision and hearing abilities for normal ranges appropriate per age (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Motor: School Age Children 6-12 Years Assess age appropriate motor skills for coordination For example, by 12 years of age, is the child able to do the following? – Climb a tree – Perform tricks on a bike – Throw and catch a small ball – Play a musical instrument (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: School Age Children 6-12 Years Assess for age appropriate developmental milestones For example, by 12 years of age is the child able to do the following? – Make friends and establish a peer group – Interact well with parents – Articulate an understanding of right and wrong – Read, print and manipulate numbers and letters easily (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of School Age Children 6-12 Years Demonstrates concern for personal cleanliness and appearance Expresses need for privacy (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Adolescents Years Assess normal physical growth per age and sex by measuring: Weight Height Assess for sexual development consistent with standards Assess vital signs for normal age and sex ranges Assess vision and hearing abilities for normal ranges (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Adolescents Years Assess and observe for appropriate interaction with parents, teachers, peers, siblings and persons in authority Asses for positive self image Assess and observe for thought processes that reflect plans for the future, i.e. college or career Assess for belief and values system Assess for ability to seek help from appropriate persons about problems (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of Adolescents Years Demonstrates knowledge of physical development, menstruation, reproduction, and birth control Demonstrates concern for personal cleanliness and appropriate appearance (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Young Adults Years Assess normal weight range per age and sex Assess vital signs for normal ranges per age and sex Assess vision and hearing abilities for normal ranges Assess for appropriate knowledge and attitude about sexuality (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Young Adults Years Assess and observe for appropriate feelings of independence from parents Assess for realistic self-concept Assess for positive self-concept and direction life is going Assess coping abilities with the stresses of change and growth Assess for set of values that guide behavior (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of Young Adults Years Participating in a healthy life style (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Middle-Aged Adults Years Assess for normal weight range per age and sex Assess vital signs for normal ranges per age and sex Assess vision and hearing abilities for normal ranges Assess for appropriate knowledge and attitude about sexuality Assess for changes in eating, elimination or exercise (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Middle-Aged Adults Years Assess for acceptance of aging body Assess for self respect Assess for acceptance of change in family roles Assess for meaningful philosophy of life Assess for effective interaction and companionable activities with life partner (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of Middle-Aged Adults Years Follows preventative health practices (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Physical: Older Adults Assess for adjustment to physiological changes Assess for ability to adapt to diminishing energy level changes Assess vitals signs, especially blood pressure for normal ranges (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

Psychosocial: Older Adults Assess management of retirement years in a satisfying manner Assess participation in social and leisure activities Assess for social network of friends and support persons Assess how life is viewed: Is it worthwhile Assess for high self-esteem Assess adjustment and acceptance to the death of significant others (Berman & Snyder, 2012)

ADL’S of the Older Adult Exhibiting healthy practices in nutrition, exercise, recreation, sleep patterns, and personal habits Has the ability to care for self or to secure appropriate help with ADL’S Has satisfactory living arrangements and income to meet changing needs (Berman & Snyder, 2012)