13.4: Reformation Ideas Spread

Protestant Sects Explode! Sect = religious group, broken away from established church – Followed variations of the teachings of Luther, Calvin and Zwingli Most radical = Anabaptists who rejected infant baptism – Some wanted to abolish poverty & speed God’s coming judgement through violence – Most were peaceful: Baptists, Menonites and Amish all trace their roots to the Anabaptists

The English Reformation KING HENRY VIII (1527): Catherine of Aragon, Mary Tudor Pope Charles V, Anne Boleyn Church in England placed under the control of Henry VIII Thomas Cranmer: appointed by Henry to be archbishop…annuls Henry’s marriage Henry marries Anne Boleyn: she gives birth to Elizabeth 1 2 3

The Act of Supremacy 1534: English parliament passes Act of Supremacy = Henry is the only head of Church of England on Earth – many Catholic’s refuse to accept this & are executed for treason Sir Thomas More: served in Henry’s gov’t – Tried to resign in protest & was executed – Later canonized by the Catholic Church

Strengthening the Church of England : Henry investigated Monastaries & Convents…ordered them closed – Confiscated land and wealth – Granted this land to high ranking citizens & nobles – Secured support for the Anglican Church as the new Church of England Henry retains most Catholic forms of worship – ***Breaks away from Rome & allows use of English Bible

Religious Turmoil 1547: Henry VIII dies – left with one surviving son (despite 6 marriages) 9 Year Old Edward VI inherits the throne of England – Devout Protestant = set out to make England devoutly Protestant – Book of Common Prayer (by. Thomas Cranmer) Outlined Protestant church services Sparked uprisings

Portrait of Edward IV

Mary Tudor: “Bloody Mary” - Half-sister to Edward -Becomes Queen after Edward dies in his teens -Determined to return England to being a Catholic nation -Burned hundreds of Protestants at the stake for heresy -dies in 1558

The Elizabethan Settlement The Compromise 1.Kept hierarchy of bishops and archbishops in COE 2.Monarch was “supreme governor” 3.Accepted moderate Protestant doctrine 4.English replaced Latin