Chapter Opener 6

Figure 6.1 The bones and cartilages of the human skeleton.

Figure 6.2 Classification of bones on the basis of shape.

Figure 6.2a Classification of bones on the basis of shape.

Figure 6.2b Classification of bones on the basis of shape.

Figure 6.2c Classification of bones on the basis of shape.

Figure 6.2d Classification of bones on the basis of shape.

Figure 6.3 Flat bones consist of a layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two thin layers of compact bone.

Figure 6.4 The structure of a long bone (humerus of arm).

Figure 6.4a The structure of a long bone (humerus of arm).

Figure 6.4b The structure of a long bone (humerus of arm).

Figure 6.4c The structure of a long bone (humerus of arm).

Figure 6.5 Comparison of different types of bone cells.

Figure 6.5a Comparison of different types of bone cells.

Figure 6.5b Comparison of different types of bone cells.

Figure 6.5c Comparison of different types of bone cells.

Figure 6.5d Comparison of different types of bone cells.

Table 6.1 Bone Markings (1 of 2)

Table 6.1 Bone Markings (2 of 2)

Figure 6.6 A single osteon.

Figure 6.7 Microscopic anatomy of compact bone.

Figure 6.7a Microscopic anatomy of compact bone.

Figure 6.7b Microscopic anatomy of compact bone.

Figure 6.7c Microscopic anatomy of compact bone.

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone.

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone. (1 of 5)

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone. (2 of 5)

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone. (3 of 5)

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone. (4 of 5)

Figure 6.8 Endochondral ossification in a long bone. (5 of 5)

Figure 6.9 Intramembranous ossification.

Figure 6.9 Intramembranous ossification. (1 of 4)

Figure 6.9 Intramembranous ossification. (2 of 4)

Figure 6.9 Intramembranous ossification. (3 of 4)

Figure 6.9 Intramembranous ossification. (4 of 4)

Figure 6.10 Growth in length of a long bone occurs at the epiphyseal plate.

Figure 6.11 Long bone growth and remodeling during youth.

Figure 6.12 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) control of blood calcium levels.

Figure 6.13 Bone anatomy and bending stress.

Figure 6.14 Vigorous exercise can strengthen bone.

Table 6.2 Common Types of Fractures (1 of 3)

Table 6.2 Common Types of Fractures (2 of 3)

Table 6.2 Common Types of Fractures (3 of 3)

Figure 6.15 Stages in the healing of a bone fracture.

Figure 6.15 Stages in the healing of a bone fracture. (1 of 4)

Figure 6.15 Stages in the healing of a bone fracture. (2 of 4)

Figure 6.15 Stages in the healing of a bone fracture. (3 of 4)

Figure 6.15 Stages in the healing of a bone fracture. (4 of 4)

Figure 6.16 The contrasting architecture of normal versus osteoporotic bone.

Figure 6.16a The contrasting architecture of normal versus osteoporotic bone.

Figure 6.16b The contrasting architecture of normal versus osteoporotic bone.

Figure 6.17 Fetal primary ossification centers at 12 weeks.

System Connections 6.1