American Revolution 6 th Grade Social Studies

Thomas Paine- It is “Common Sense” to break away from England- nothing to lose, everything to gain assignment-discovery-thomas-paine-and-common- sense-video.htm

Declaration of Independence KWL-What do we know about the Declaration?? Video- history.com- Declaration of Independence Read first and second paragraph and highlight History.com- history of 4 th of july History.com- history of 4 th of july History.com- Jefferson and Continental Congress- and how stuff works before pop up History.com- Jefferson and Continental Congress- and how stuff works before pop up Declaration of Independence- flocab assignment-discovery-declaration-of-independence- video.htm assignment-discovery-declaration-of-independence- video.htm

Biggest signature? Why so big? Why was it so dangerous to sign? Treason- going against their country- could be hung or thrown in jail forever! 4parts: Preamble- introduction- we should be independent Declaration of rights- all men are equal All ways King George mistreated colonies Statement of independence- all ties cut

People in the Colonies Patriots- people who supported fight for independence 40% of population Loyalist- people who wanted to remain loyal to the King and Great Britain- 20% 40% of people were neutral- no opinion z/books/amer_hist_survey/r esources/htmls/animations/ ah07_anim_revamerica.html

African Americans in the War Joined both British and Americans Promised freedom if they fought- from both sides Used as spies, or helped do labor

American Indians Most stayed neutral Some fought for British to get Americans off their land “It was better for the red man to die like warriors than to diminish away by inches. Now is the time to begin. If we fight like men, we may hope to enlarge our bounds.” Cornstalk- chief of Shawnee July 1776

Women at War Many women did not fight, but they did other important jobs They ran farms and families when husbands were fighting Most important- Nurse! Molly pitcher- name was applied to many women who carried pitchers to men in battle.

A women whose husband belonged to Artillery, and who was then attached to a piece (gun) in the engagement, attended with her husband at the piece the whole time. While in the act of reaching a cartridge and having one of her feet as far before the other as she could step, a cannon shot from the enemy passed directly between her legs without doing any more damage than carrying away the lower part of her petticoat. Looking at it with no apparent concern, she observed that it was lucky it did not pass a little higher, for in that case it might have carried away something else…. Joseph P Martin- Soldier at Battle of Monmouth

Challenges at Home Fighting is going on in backyards! Not enough supplies to go around- NOTHING is coming from other countries… yet. Inflation- store owners are not selling what they have and waiting for prices to go up before selling. Shopkeepers can make more money

Comparing Armies Patriots- Good and Bad?British- Good and Bad?

British Army- Redcoats Advantages? Disadvantages?

Continental Army Advantages?Disadvantages?

Redcoats Advantages? Disadvantages?

Continental Army Advantages? Disadvantages?

Battle at Trenton December 25, 1776 Crossed Delaware to Trenton surprised German Mercenaries 2,400 American soldiers with 18 cannons crossed the ice ridden river Crossed river then marched 9 miles attacked around 7 am History.com- surprise attack on Trenton

The riverbank was… “tinged here and there with the blood from the men who wore broken shoes. It will be a terrible night for soldiers, but I have not heard a single man complain.” 1,000’s of American soldiers re-upped contracts or joined! No causalities for Americans Captured over 900 hessians and killed over 100 “It may be doubted whether so small a number of men ever employed so short a space of time with greater or more lasting results upon the history of the world.”- historian Hugh Treyelyan

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Thomas Paine- December 19, 1776 “These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis, shrink from the service of his country; but he that stands now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.” What does this mean? Break it down!!!!

Battle of Saratoga Turning point of War! Helped American Morale Gentlemen Johnny- British didn’t move his troops fast enough Benedict Arnold becomes a hero! All British troops were banished from fighting in the American conflict EVER AGAIN! revolution/videos#battle-of-saratoga-turns-the-tide-of- the-american-revolution

France in the revolution Before France officially joined the Americans, millionaires were sending us money Mostly used France’s Navy Before they joined Americans they had to be convinced we had some chance of winning! Because France entered war, British and French sent troops to West Indies to fight over Triangular trade there.

Valley Forge Dec June 1778 near Philadelphia (where enemy is) Centrally located between all fighting and easy to defend “It was hard to see our poor brave fellows living in tents, barefoot, barelegged, bare breeched, ect. In snow, in rain, on marches, in camp, and on duty…. Nothing but virtue has kept our army together.”

Valley Forge 2,500 of 10,000 men died Americans are two years into the war, running low on basics – no mass production! No supplies! Local farmers kept food for their own militias or sold it to British who were better paying

Friedrich Von Steuben Age 17 officer in Prussian Army February 23, 1778 came to Valley Forge Trained 100 men then they trained 100 men– made sure everyone was consistent Maintain morale and improve performance

History.com- winter at valley forge

War in South and West British thought they could get more support in South- tried to fight there Spain is helping the Americans in the West Quick, Sneak attacks work for the Americans ets/socialstudies/in_motion_09/taj/09t aj_p171.swf

Benedict Arnold Traitor! Commander of West Point He did not get a big promotion he expected Planned to turn over West Point to British He escaped to New York and fought with British arnold /videos/benedict-arnold-a-man- without-country

Battle of Yorktown French and American Soldiers worked together! Cornwallis was outnumbered and had no where to retreat to October 19, 1781 Cornwallis surrenders Last big battle of War British troops all out by 1783 History.com-yorktown t_survey/resources/htmls/animations/ah07_a nim_waryork.html

Treaty of Paris Officially ended the war America was now independent What problems might a new nation face?