History and Art- The Muralists. Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo.

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Presentation transcript:

History and Art- The Muralists

Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo

Jose Clement Orozco

History and Art Three Major Civilizations Mayans in the Yucatan Peninsula Incas in Peru The fierce Aztecs in Mexico

The Aztec Empire By 1500 the Aztec Empire territory included 125,000 square miles with a population of about 10 million people

Aztec Empire

The Fierce Aztecs

The Aztecs and human sacrifice At least 15,000 per year were sacrificed. Nourishment for the sun god and strikes fear in the enemy.

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Jaguar Warrior

Tenochtitlan Marketplace Diego Rivera 1933

Tenochtitlan 1345 eagle perched on a cactus eating a serpent

Tenochtitlan Temples Pyramids Market place palaces

How does Cortes do it?

Hernan Cortes Spanish conqueror arrives in Tenochtitlan in 1519 Within two years had conquered the powerful Aztec empire Spaniard’s resemblance to Quetzalcoatl-the Aztec emperor Montezuma less wary than usual.

Cortes Quetzalcoatl Armor Horses Small pox Angry neighbors

Conquest-Jose Orozco 1939

Conquest-Jose Orozco

Absorption of the Indian Jose Orozco 1927

Creation of the Mestizo Genetic mixing of Spanish and Indian races Malinche synonymous with traitor

Colonial Domination Diego Rivera (1933)

Colonial Domination Rivera-1933

Spanish Treatment of the Indians 300 years of mistreatment of the indigenous population by the colonizing Spanish Catholic church helped to justify this treatment Encomiendas-land grants

Indians Mestizos Criollos-people of pure Spanish descent born in Mexico Peninsulares-Spaniards born in Spain who filled the top positions in gov. The Social Pyramid in Mexico

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Father Miguel Hidalgo On Sept. 16, 1810, Father Miguel Hidalgo, leader of a small parish consisting of Indians and Mestizos declared Mexico’s independence from Spain. Soon Hidalgo was killed as was other revolutionaries who followed.

Fight for Liberty Jose Orozco 1939

Benito Juarez Juarez is one of Mexico’s best loved leaders. He was dedicated to helping the poor and protecting them from corruption w/in the church.

Juarez and the Fall of the Empire Orozco

Juarez Dedicated to helping the poor Against the corruption of the church Fought the French Continued his reforms until his death 1872

Mexican Independence As Mexico moved into the 19th century, it continued to have socioeconomic stratification based on skin color and heritage.

Dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz Diaz came to power in 1876-Mexican technology for mining and agriculture had not changed since colonial times. He rules as a dictator for 34 years Most peasants lived in virtual slavery. Most people had 1/2 of what they had to eat in People resented Diaz and this resentment lead to the Mex. Rev of 1910