THEGROWTH of GEORGIA ( ) Unofficial State Flag (18?? ) While multi-color coats of arms were likely used on some versions of Georgia's Source: Ed Jackson (state militia flags; not political)

After the American Revolution, Georgia began to turn its attention to growth, development, and expansion into its vast western frontier. Remember: How far west was Georgia’s border?

Georgian Life Life on the Georgia Frontier: Central and western parts of the state Made up of undeveloped land Life in Georgia’s Towns: Augusta, Savannah, Athens, Sparta, and Louisville Where are these cities? Summarize how life is different for these two areas: Frontier: Heavy, manual labor; building cabins, clearing land, tilling soil, digging wells, putting up barns. Social activities were based on labor; beat stringin’, corn shuckin’, cider makins’, hog slaughterin’ More exposed to attacks from Native Americans Towns: Cultural refinement; theaters, concerts, libraries, balls, horseraces, barbeques Communication was easier and more frequent Augusta Herald and Savannah’s Gazette of the State of Georgia Orphanages, hospital for mentally ill, school for deaf and for blind

Questions to Consider: Why would the people living in the frontier be more at risk of Native American attacks? Located deeper in state surrounded by forests and undeveloped land Towns were often near the coast in open developed locations. Towns also had forts and better methods of defense. How would methods of communication differ from the frontier and the towns? The frontier would rely on the trading posts (often not close) to get news The towns could rely on the newspapers Augusta Herald and Savannah’s Gazette of the State of Georgia

Religion in Georgia What was the religion in Georgia BEFORE the American Revolution? Most Georgians had been members of the official Church of England, the Anglican Church. Anglicanism taught that the King of England was the head of the Church, and it demanded that its members be loyal to the King during the Revolution.

Religion in Georgia How was religion in Georgia impacted by the American Revolution? Anglicans who identified with the Tories: they left or were forced to leave GA by Whigs Anglicans who did not support the King: left the Church of England and joined the Methodist Church, led by John Wesley and George Whitefield The Revolutionary War nearly destroyed what remained of organized religion in Georgia, as many churches were damaged or destroyed.

Spread of Religion in Georgia Two largest denominations: Baptist Methodist Second Great Awakening: A religious revival period from 1790 – 1830 Georgians began to identify with a denomination

WhenWhoWhereChurch Baptist Free Blacks Andrew Bryan Augusta Savannah Springfield Baptist First African Baptist Church Methodist born out of the Anglican Church John Wesley Came over with Oglethorpe Beverly Allen Richard Allen Colonial Georgia Savannah Other Facts: First Sunday School 1 st to formally intro. African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Religion 1783: End of Revolutionary War 1788: U.S. Constitution ratified 1791: Bill of Rights ratified

The Spread of Baptist and Methodist Churches Importance of Church: Essential part of town life Used for town meetings and social event Popular among the working class in small towns and in the frontier

The Spread of Baptist and Methodist Churches What is a circuit rider? Methodist ministers who went from town to town to preach Sometimes only one service per month for each church Instrumental in bringing new converts

Both denominations used camp meetings to increase their numbers. All day affairs Farmers and townspeople could listen to the sermon Socialize with friends and family Also called revivals

Expansion of Other Religions WhenWhoWhereChurch Jews Savannah Synagogue Mormon 1830 Joseph Smith Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Roman Catholic 1796 Wilkes County

Education in Georgia Growth of education was slow Most received a few years of elementary school Farmers knew little about reading and math Most did not attend school at all Yet, people believed in value of education In 1784, government set aside 20,000 acres for a state college.

What was that state college? ????????????? *******just so you know, this brings me great pain!

Education in Georgia Established on January 27, 1785 Abraham Baldwin wrote the charter named the school’s first President (by the governor, Lyman Hall) Existed on paper only until….. Opened in September, 1801

UGA Franklin College 1 st permanent building Opened in 1806 The oldest public, land-grant university in the United States! Land-grant means a school for which the federal government donated the land. Only one college, the College of Arts and Sciences Struggled with financial difficulties All male All white Often called “Franklin College” Technically, the University of North Carolina (Go Tar Heels!) held classes before UGA.

Timeline of Education in Ga University of Georgia was established Ga. Legislature passed a law requiring counties to have schools but didn’t set money aside to build them Only 40 schools in the state Georgia Female College, Wesleyan College, opened in Macon

Educational Differences Males: Greek Latin Grammar Math Females: Wesleyan College, 1836 in Macon French Literature Science Piano, arts and foreign language Many girls were not sent to school, instead they learned sewing, cooking and childcare. Video Link

Video Discussion Questions 1. In the early 1800s, how did most young girls learn to read? 2.What were the “three R’s” learned in the one-room schools? 3.What two roles were girls expected to fill in their lifetimes? 4.What were some things women were thought to suffer from if they tried to get an education? 5.How difficult was it for African Americans to get an education? 6.When was the University of Georgia started? Who could attend? 7.What was the name of the first college for women? What was the name later changed to? 8.When and where was the first college for women started in Georgia? 9.What unique event happened at Wesleyan College in 1840? 10. What percent of college students in Georgia today are women?

Georgia’s Five Capitals As Georgia’s population moved west, so did the state’s capitals. Georgia has had FIVE capital cities: Savannah Augusta Louisville Milledgeville Atlanta

Georgia’s Five Capitals 1.Savannah ( ) 2.Augusta ( ) 3.Louisville ( ) 4.Milledgeville ( ) 5.Atlanta (1868-Present) What trend appears over time?

Georgia’s FIVE Capitals Savannah: 1 st city and capital. Coastal location and the center of trade Augusta: 2 nd capital. By 1785 the population had moved to the backcountry and the capital was moved also Louisville: 3 rd capital Named after French King Louis Hoped to be a trading center due to its location on the Ogeechee River Ended due to the yearly outbreaks of Malaria, difficulty using the Ogeechee as a trade route and movement of population. Milledgeville: 4 th Capital Keeping up with the population migration, the capital was moved west to Milledgeville in 1806 to a site along the Oconee River. City was named for Governor John Milledgeville who had donated 40,000 acres of land to build UGA. Atlanta: 5 th Capital Formerly called Terminus, meaning end of a RR line. The Atlantic RR ran from Chattanooga to what is present day Atlanta.

What do you remember about… the growth of Georgia??? 1.The first public, land-grant institution of higher learning in U.S. history was. 2.Georgia ’ s second capital city was. 3.Georgia ’ s third capital city, named after the King of France, was. 4.The author of the charter for the University of Georgia was. 5.Prior to the Revolution, most Georgians were members of the Church of. 6.The two largest denominations in Georgia are the and the. 7.The governor who encouraged the rebuilding of churches was. University of Georgia Augusta Louisville Abraham Baldwin England BaptistMethodist Lyman Hall