Warm Up  What is patronage (spoils system)?

Progressivism What is the progressive movement?

What was the Progressive Movement?  Reformers who wanted to improve American life.  Mostly white, middle class, college educated women.  Inspired by muckrakers, journalists who wrote about urban problems.

Famous Muckrakers  Jacob Riis: exposed Americans to extreme poverty in How the Other Half Lives  Upton Sinclair: wrote about meatpacking plant in The Jungle

Goals of the Progressives  Protect social welfare (help the poor)  Moral improvement (prohibition)  Economic reform (some embraced socialism)

Early Progressives  Social Gospel Movement: preached salvation through service to the poor  Settlement House Movement: community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to people in the area, especially immigrants.  Jane Addams

Modern Muckrakers!  Get into pairs. You will assume the role of muckrakers to investigate problems in the United States in the early 20th century.  After conducting field investigations about these problems, you will choose one topic to expose to the American public. You will use your notes to write investigative reports for a newspaper.  You must investigate at least one problem at each field site. Take notes about the picture, quote, and information placard.  When you are done, write a newspaper article including information for all 4 stations you visited.  Your article should include:  A title followed by your name.  An introduction with a brief explanation of muckraking and an overview of what you plan to expose in your article.  One paragraph (5-7 sentences) describing your topics. Use vivid and shocking language.

Warm Up  What were the three goals of the Progressive movement?

What is the worst insult you have ever heard against women? How did you react?

Progressive Women What role did women play in the Progressive movement?

Women in the Workforce  Poor women had no choice to work outside of the home  Many worked in garment factories, making 50% of men’s salaries  More women graduated high school as jobs in offices required a diploma

Domestic Workers  Immigrants and African Americans without an education worked as maids, cooks, etc.

Women Lead Reform  Many reformers attended women’s colleges.  Presence of educated women strengthened existing reform groups.  Couldn’t vote, so focused on improving conditions at work and home.

Reform Groups  National Association of Colored Women (NACW) sought reform for African Americans.  Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton helped found National American Woman Suffrage Association.

Which group is missing? 14 th amendment granted citizenship to African Americans 15 th amendment granted African Americans the right to vote

Warm Up  What kinds of jobs did women take at the turn of the century?

Progressive Reforms Was progressivism successful?

Think of a law that you want to change. Why does it need to be changed? How would you change it? Discuss your answers with a partner.

Reforming Local Government Problem  Corrupt officials unable to manage cities properly Solution  Cities run by a council of experts  Mayors eliminate privately owned utilities and make them public and root out corruption

Reforming State Government Problem  Big business out of control Solution  Governors like Robert M. LaFollette helped regulate railroad rates and weaken big businesses

Workplace Reform Problem  Poor working conditions Solution  National Child Labor Committee set minimum working age to 14  Workers compensation benefits required

Election Reform Problem  Voting fraud Solution  Initiative: bill originated by people on ballot  Referendum: voters accept or reject initiatives proposed  Recall: voters can vote public officials out of office  Primary: voters chose candidates for office  17 th amendment: people elect their own senators

Direct Primary  Voters choose which candidates run for a specific political party.  Before, party leaders chose candidates.

Recall  Voters can get rid of an elected official before their term is up.  Enough votes must be put on a petition for a recall to take place.

Initiative  Citizens can write a bill and place it on the ballot and then vote on it in a referendum.

17 th amendment  Allowed for people to elect their senators, not the state legislatures.  Before, political bosses and corporations controlled the state legislatures, and helped choose senators.

What role should the government take to “improve” society?

Should the government regulate the sale of soda to help people be more healthy?

NYC Soda Ban 2012  Mayor Michael Bloomberg tried to pass a law that banned the sale of “sugary drinks” larger than 16 oz. at fast food restaurants.  Drinks could still be purchased at grocery stores and convenience stores in any size.  Refills were still allowed.  Those who did not comply would be fined $200.  Sodas are the biggest source of calories in the American diet, making up more than 7% of caloric intake per day.

Your task  Read the pros and cons of the “Soda Ban.”  On your note card, write your answer to the following question:  Do you think that the mayor is a Progressive, who is trying to help improve American lives, or someone who is overstepping his role as mayor?  Give at least TWO pieces of evidence that support your answer!