Experiences of JNNURM in Chennai and Lessons for RAY & JNNURM II Slides prepared by TRANSPARENT CHENNAI for workshop on slum policies held on July 21, 2012

CITY DEVELOPMENT PLANS Supposed to be participatory, but Chennai’s was created with none and approved by Gov in CDP was revised in 2009 with public inputs, but revision never approved by CoC. In any case, projects in the city had no relationship to the City Development Plan – plans were powerless – so why participate? 2006 CDP said 75,000 slum families were on “objectionable” land.

Urban Infrastructure And Governance (UIG) Nearly 3 times as much spending in UIG as money for urban poor 85% of all project money committed was for water supply, sewerage, and storm water drains, rest for roads & SWM

Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) Goal: “Provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation, and ensuring delivery of other existing universal services of the government for education, health and social security”

Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) Run by Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) Most money went into building relocation sites – which actually enabled evictions from city center “Pro-poor” measures not implemented, especially in-situ rehab. No efforts made to address conditions in undeclared slums – areas of real need in the city. Cost% of total expenditure Resettlement housing construction (including infrastructure in relocation sites) Rs cr91% Infrastructure / Env Improvement in Slums Rs cr5.2% Unspecified projectsRs cr3.6% TOTAL APPROVED PROJECTS COSTRs. 1,376 cr

Basic Services for the Urban Poor (BSUP) Despite evident flaws in slums strategy, Chennai considered a “success story” by the central government because city was able to spend a lot of money No evaluation done on whether money spent actually resulted in improvements in access to services for the city’s poor.

WHAT NEXT?

PROPOSED: Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) GOAL: to create slum-free cities Aims to upgrade and bring all slums, whether recognized or unrecognized, within the formal housing system. Original guidelines doc said that states must assign property rights to slum-dwellers in order to qualify for funds. Emphasizes in-situ redevelopment Use of PPP encouraged (Mumbai SRA model) Slum-free city plans required from all cities

RAY: What’s happened so far? TNSCB appointed as State Nodal Agency As of July 2011 RtI response, slum survey being carried out in Adyar, Kodambakkam, and Ayanavaram zones. HOWEVER, program has made only halting progress at the central government.

RAY: What’s happened so far? Reluctance from states to give property rights to slum-dwellers. Processes seem to be happening in the same non-participatory manner as before. But are there also new opportunities? MoHUPA is looking to spend money on viable projects – either proposed by the states or by communities themselves? Slum communities can create their own maps, data, and slum-free city plans?

JNNURM II recently announced – but what are the components? And how can residents be more prepared this time? Community plans Community projects Proactive interaction with city, state, and central governments