CJ 423 Seminar 1 10:00 PM ET Monday August 27, 2012 Tom Piotrowski

Challenges “One of the greatest challenges facing law enforcement organizations today is the successful recruitment and retention of highly qualified employees.” (McKeever and Kranda, 2005, P. 289) “Considering it takes more time, effort and expense to train the wrong person than it does to hire the right person, managers should regard the recruiting task as one of their most critical functions” (P. 293) “One of the greatest challenges facing law enforcement organizations today is the successful recruitment and retention of highly qualified employees.” (McKeever and Kranda, 2005, P. 289) “Considering it takes more time, effort and expense to train the wrong person than it does to hire the right person, managers should regard the recruiting task as one of their most critical functions” (P. 293) Bennett and Hess, Management and Supervision in Law Enforcement. (2007)

Which Era? Political Era….patronage Political Era….patronage “New officers were generally handed a badge, a baton, and a copy of the department rules (if one existed), and were sent out on patrol” “New officers were generally handed a badge, a baton, and a copy of the department rules (if one existed), and were sent out on patrol” Elections lead to turnover, so the new sheriff. Elections lead to turnover, so the new sheriff. Cincinnati in 1880, 219 of the 295 members of the police department were fired the day after a local election. Cincinnati in 1880, 219 of the 295 members of the police department were fired the day after a local election.

Police Reform August Vollmer, O.W. Wilson, William Parker August Vollmer, O.W. Wilson, William Parker Primary function of policing is crime control Primary function of policing is crime control Police departments independent of politics Police departments independent of politics Achieve maximum effectiveness and efficiency with highly centralized command structure and standardized operating procedures. Achieve maximum effectiveness and efficiency with highly centralized command structure and standardized operating procedures.

Pendleton Act Used this in my Master’s Thesis Used this in my Master’s Thesis “established objective criteria for hiring public officials and made it unlawful to dismiss civil employees for political reasons” “established objective criteria for hiring public officials and made it unlawful to dismiss civil employees for political reasons” J. Edgar Hoover…..Mr. FBI… Professionalism J. Edgar Hoover…..Mr. FBI… Professionalism

Vollmer..Impact..reform era men like August Vollmer—sought to implement rigid hiring standards to ensure that only the most qualified, morally incorruptible applicants were selected for employment. The standards set by Vollmer and others during the 1920s and 1930s are still in place in many departments across the United States today. men like August Vollmer—sought to implement rigid hiring standards to ensure that only the most qualified, morally incorruptible applicants were selected for employment. The standards set by Vollmer and others during the 1920s and 1930s are still in place in many departments across the United States today.

Affirmative Action Affirmative Action: in order to achieve equal employment opportunities, employers are required to overcome discrimination. Affirmative Action: in order to achieve equal employment opportunities, employers are required to overcome discrimination. EEOC/AA employer??? EEOC/AA employer???

More Affirmative Action Affirmative Action brought about four steps: Affirmative Action brought about four steps: 1. Discover if women and minorities were/are being underused in the work force. 2. Develop specific guidelines to correct situations when women and minorities being underused. 3. Keep accurate records to ensure women and women and minorities being underused. 3. Keep accurate records to ensure women and minorities are being used appropriately. 4. On-going programs to prevent future or repeat discrimination. minorities are being used appropriately. 4. On-going programs to prevent future or repeat discrimination.

Hiring Process Selection strategies begin with properly filling out the application. Selection strategies begin with properly filling out the application. Physical fitness standards Physical fitness standards Height and weight proportional…as recently as 30 years ago the minimum height requirement was five foot eight inches. Height and weight proportional…as recently as 30 years ago the minimum height requirement was five foot eight inches.

Height requirements out… 1. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin (and the 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act, which extended the provisions of the Civil Rights Act to state and local governments). 1. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin (and the 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act, which extended the provisions of the Civil Rights Act to state and local governments). 2. The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Standards (1978), which state that any hiring practice that has an “adverse impact” on women and minorities is illegal unless it is directly related to an employee’s ability to do the job. 2. The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Standards (1978), which state that any hiring practice that has an “adverse impact” on women and minorities is illegal unless it is directly related to an employee’s ability to do the job.

requirements US Citizenship US Citizenship Age requirements. Minimum is 21 We have a 35 year cap..originally came from risk management. Age requirements. Minimum is 21 We have a 35 year cap..originally came from risk management. Need a valid drivers license Need a valid drivers license General good health and corrected vision to 20/20 General good health and corrected vision to 20/20 No criminal record No criminal record

requirements Residency…good and bad…policing the neighbor kid and really fun shopping Residency…good and bad…policing the neighbor kid and really fun shopping Education level varies, however some college is pretty normal Education level varies, however some college is pretty normal Veteran’s preference points Veteran’s preference points Written Tests Written Tests Background checks….really important and you can still miss some things. Background checks….really important and you can still miss some things.

Background questions ■ Interviewing former employers ■ Interviewing former employers ■ Interviewing references provided by the applicant ■ Interviewing references provided by the applicant ■ Interviewing family members and neighbors ■ Interviewing family members and neighbors ■ Interviewing co-workers ■ Interviewing co-workers ■ Examining prior employment history ■ Examining prior employment history ■ Examining financial/spending patterns ■ Examining financial/spending patterns ■ Examining school performance ■ Examining school performance ■ Examining for indications of prejudice or discrimination ■ Examining for indications of prejudice or discrimination ■ Examining for indications of drug and excessive alcohol use ■ Examining for indications of drug and excessive alcohol use ■ Examining for indications of violence or anger issues ■ Examining for indications of violence or anger issues ■ Examining for indications of not getting along with others ■ Examining for indications of not getting along with others

More Tests Checking online profiles… Checking online profiles… The law, signed in by Governor Pat Quinn, leaves no leeway for an employer to ask for the logins. Not for background checks, not for monitoring, not for anything. The law, signed in by Governor Pat Quinn, leaves no leeway for an employer to ask for the logins. Not for background checks, not for monitoring, not for anything. "We're dealing with 21st-century issues," Quinn said. "... Privacy is a fundamental right. I believe that and I think we need to fight for that.“ "We're dealing with 21st-century issues," Quinn said. "... Privacy is a fundamental right. I believe that and I think we need to fight for that.“

Still More Tests This is not a picture of me, but some applicant s can feel Pressure during the testing processes….

Yes… We are testing you with all of the tests also, to see if you can maintain your cool. We are testing you with all of the tests also, to see if you can maintain your cool. Oral interview board..BOPFC or civil service Oral interview board..BOPFC or civil service Scoring Scoring Diversity Diversity

Important Facts Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) – Prohibits discrimination in hiring of person with disabilities if they are otherwise qualified – Not a great deal of effect of officer hiring – Does apply to civilian support – Big effect on facilities design and construction

Important Decisions Equal Pay Act of 1963 Equal Pay Act of 1963 – Congress guaranteed equal pay for women for doing the same job as men Executive Order of 1969 Executive Order of 1969 – President Nixon – Prohibited Federal Government form using sex as a factor in hiring Crime Control Act of 1973 Crime Control Act of 1973 – Withholds Federal funds from state and local who discriminated against women.

A little about the course… E book and there are readings each unit. E book and there are readings each unit. Quizzes in all but unit 5, 9 and 10 Quizzes in all but unit 5, 9 and 10 2 Discussion questions per unit 2 Discussion questions per unit Seminar in all units except unit 5 and 10 Seminar in all units except unit 5 and 10 If you can’t make the seminar?? If you can’t make the seminar?? Assignments are written papers usually Assignments are written papers usually

More about the assignments Unit 3- Writing Assignment: Misconduct as a Training Failure (3-5 pages, 70 points) Unit 3- Writing Assignment: Misconduct as a Training Failure (3-5 pages, 70 points) Unit 5- Midterm Exam ( words per question, 4 questions, 100 points) Unit 5- Midterm Exam ( words per question, 4 questions, 100 points) Unit 6- Writing Assignment: Police Performance and Measurement ( Words per question, 4 Questions, 70 points) Unit 6- Writing Assignment: Police Performance and Measurement ( Words per question, 4 Questions, 70 points) Unit 9- Final Essay (3-5 pages, 150 points) Unit 9- Final Essay (3-5 pages, 150 points)

Thanks for your attention… There will not be a unit 2 Seminar due to Labor Day Holiday. You will get credit. There will not be a unit 2 Seminar due to Labor Day Holiday. You will get credit. Make sure to post early and often to the Unit 2 Discussion area. Make sure to post early and often to the Unit 2 Discussion area. Have a great week and holiday. Have a great week and holiday. We have to be ready for anything in a Law Enforcement career.