Naming Covalent (Molecular) Compounds Friday, January 29 th, 2016.

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Covalent (Molecular) Compounds Friday, January 29 th, 2016

Ionic vs Molecular Compounds Ionic compounds– consist of any of the following four combinations of atoms…can you name them? Molecular compounds– consist of… Characteristics of Ionic vs Molecular compounds:

Ionic vs Molecular Compounds Ionic compounds– consist of any of the following four combinations of atoms…can you name them? metal + nonmetal [NaCl] metal + polyatomic ion [NaOH] polyatomic ion + nonmetal [NH 4 Cl] polyatomic ion + polyatomic ion [NH 4 OH] Molecular compounds– nonmetals only

Naming Molecular compounds: To name a molecular compound you need to be familiar with the following prefixes: Prefixes are used to determine the number of atoms in a molecular compound, and appear prior to the name of the element. Ex) N 2 O 2 dinitrogen dioxide *NOTICE – like ionics the ending of the second atom is the –ide suffix ending. But unlike ionics… ALL molecular compounds end in –ide.

Concepts Nomenclature Rules for Covalent Compounds 1.First element keeps its name. Ex. N = Nitrogen 2.Second element is named like an anion (change its ending to –ide). Ex. Oxygen = Oxide 3.Use prefixes to denote the number of atoms of each. Ex. NO 2 = Nitrogen Dioxide 4.** Exception: Do not use “mono” prefix if only one of the FIRST element.

The BIG EXCEPTION: The prefix mono- is dropped when there is only one (1) atom at the beginning of a molecular compound Ex) CO 2 carbon dioxide (not monocarbon dioxide) Ex) CO carbon monoxide (not monocarbon monoxide) Based on the above information identify and name the compounds [ ionic (I), molecular (M) ]: N 2 O BaSO 4 Li 2 O NH 4 NO 3 SF 6

Practice Naming Covalent Compounds Covalent Compound Examples 1.CO 2 2.N 2 O 5 3.CBr 4 4.BI 3 5.P 2 S 3 6.BF 6 7.CO

Concepts Writing Formulas for Covalent Compounds 1.Identify the symbols for each atom. 2.Attach appropriate subscripts based on the prefixes. Examples: Dinitrogen Trichloride Carbon Tetrafluoride

Practice Writing Formulas For Covalent Compounds Covalent Compound Examples 1.Dinitrogen Pentoxide 2.Carbon Tetrafluoride 3.Nitogen Monoxide 4.Phosphorous Tribromide 5.Dicarbon Hexahydride 6.Boron trichloride 7.Dihydrogen Monoxide