America: Pathways to the Present Section 1: The Origins of Progressivism Section 2: Progressive Legislation Section 3: Progressivism Under Taft and Wilson Section 4: Suffrage at Last Chapter 18: The Progressive Reform Era (1890–1920)

 George Washington; Federalist (1788)  John Adams; Federalist (1796)  Thomas Jefferson (1800)  James Madison (1808)  James Monroe (1816)  John Quincy Adams (1824)  Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)  Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)  William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)  John Tyler; Whig (1841) #21 - …  Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)  Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)  William McKinley; Republican (1896)  Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901) #  James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)  Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)  Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)  Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)  James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)  Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)  Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)  Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)  Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)  James Garfield; Republican (1880)

 CORE OBJECTIVE: Describe the intent and impact of the Progressive Era.  Objective 2.2: In what ways did Progressives change municipal, state, and federal government?  THEME: Reform minded citizens, called Progressives, hope to change American society for the better at the turn of the 20 th Century

CHAPTER 18 SECTION 2

 The Story of Us Video – starts at minute 39 (7 minutes)  The Fire shows the need for city reform and workplace protections

 Progressives sought more social welfare programs to help ensure a minimum standard of living.  Progressives were traditionally not socialists, opposed govt control of business  Supported programs like unemployment benefits and health insurance  Many of the earliest Progressive reforms were made at the municipal, or city, level.  Some municipal reformers worked for home rule, a system that gives cities a limited degree of self-rule.  Municipal reformers opposed the influence of political bosses.  City Reformers made efforts to take over city utilities such as water, gas, and electricity.  Some reform mayors led movements for city-supported welfare services such as public baths, parks, work-relief programs, playgrounds, kindergartens, and lodging houses for the homeless.

Reformers wanted to end government corruption through increased voter power; many states abolished child labor You need to write down DIRECT PRIMARY & 17 TH AMENDMENT

 A number of Progressive reforms were made at the federal level starting with Theodore Roosevelt in  Teddy Roosevelt came to the presidency after the assassination of William McKinley.  He used his presidential powers to shape domestic policy and support worthy or moral causes.  In this way, he created the modern presidency, in which the chief executive is a strong political force.

Outlawed monopolies and practices that restrained trade, such as price fixing. Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890 Created to manage the nation’s water and timber resources. United States Forest Service, 1905 Banned interstate shipping of impure food and deliberate mislabeling of food and drugs. Pure Food and Drug Act, 1906 Required federal inspection of meat processing to ensure sanitary conditions. Meat Inspection Act, 1906 Cabinet department created to promote the welfare and employment of working people. Department of Labor, 1913 Gave Congress the power to levy an income tax. 16th Amendment, 1913 Provided for the direct election of senators. 17th Amendment, 1913 Created Federal Reserve System of government banks to supervise private banks and provide a flexible money supply. Federal Reserve Act, 1913 Prohibited the manufacture and sale of liquor. (Repealed in 1933) 18th Amendment, 1919 Granted women full suffrage. 19th Amendment, 1920 Created within the Department of Labor to improve the status of working women. Women’s Bureau, 1920

Which of the following was a city-supported welfare service? (A)Playgrounds (B)Kindergartens (C)Homeless shelters (D)All of the above What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act? (A)To require federal inspection of meat processing (B)To outlaw monopolies and practices that restrained trade, such as price fixing (C)To authorize the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad rates (D)To plan and develop irrigation projects

Which of the following was a city-supported welfare service? (A)Playgrounds (B)Kindergartens (C)Homeless shelters (D)All of the above What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act? (A)To require federal inspection of meat processing (B)To outlaw monopolies and practices that restrained trade, such as price fixing (C)To authorize the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad rates (D)To plan and develop irrigation projects

 The Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire showed the need for what? A. The need for newer types of cotton that are less flammable B. Reform in firefighting to create better equipment C. Reform in construction to make factories less than 3 stories in height D. The need for city reform to provide workplace protections  One way reformers hoped to end corruption in government was to A. establish an income tax. B. give voters more direct say in lawmaking. C. provide more welfare services. D. use the army to oust political machines.

 The Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire showed the need for what? A. The need for newer types of cotton that are less flammable B. Reform in firefighting to create better equipment C. Reform in construction to make factories less than 3 stories in height D. The need for city reform to provide workplace protections  One way reformers hoped to end corruption in government was to A. establish an income tax. B. give voters more direct say in lawmaking. C. provide more welfare services. D. use the army to oust political machines.