“December 7 th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy”

1937- Japan invades China US Supports China Panay Incident Japan invades French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia) US passes Export Control Act Cuts of oil, steel, iron exports to Japan Japan imported 90% of oil July 1941 – US freezes Japanese assets

The Philippines Capital Manila 130,000 US and Filipino troops Douglas MacArthur Wake Island 2500 US troops Guam 547 Marines Midway Island Hawaii

Oct 1941 – Tojo becomes Prime Minister US breaks Japanese codes Nov. 1941: “war warning” sent out to US commanders in the Pacific Fear attack in the Philippines Hawaii defends against sabotage Battleships anchored in “Battleship Row” Planes moved out of hangers to tarmac

Plan to break off negotiations with US and then launch surprise attack Japanese want to take out our fleet so we can’t defend other US bases in the Pacific Attack planned by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

Japanese Fleet Commanded by Chuichi Nagumo 6 aircraft carriers 5 midget submarines Over 400 aircraft US Fleet at Pearl Harbor 8 battleships 8 cruisers 80+ other ships

6:30 - USS Ward sinks a midget sub outside the harbor 7:00 – Radar shows incoming planes 7:55 – Attack begins 353 Japanese planes attack Many sailors still sleeping Complete surprise Most planes destroyed on the ground Later that day, Japan declared war

Oklahoma, West Virginia, California sunk Maryland and Tennessee damages Utah sunk on other side of Ford Island Training ship Nevada run aground Only ship to get underway Arizona sunk with most of crew Bomb hits ammunition magazine Over 1,000 men die

Decisive Japanese Victory United States 18 ships sunk 188 planes destroyed 2400 dead 1200 wounded 70 civilians dead Japan 29 planes 5 midget subs

They missed our carriers They missed our subs They missed our fuel tanks They missed our dry docks They didn’t invade Most of the ships sunk or damaged will be fixed and fight later in the war

“Yesterday, Dec. 7 th, 1941, a date that will live in infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of Japan.” FDR Speech Dec 11 th – Germany and Italy declare war on US US declares war on them

Japanese attack US bases in the Philippines, Wake Island, Guam and Midway Japan attacks Malaya, Hong Kong

Yamamoto – “I fear I have awakened a sleeping giant”