Progressive Era 1900-1917. Problems of the 1890s   Huge gap between the rich and the poor   Wealthy had tremendous economic power   Industrial workers.

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Presentation transcript:

Progressive Era

Problems of the 1890s   Huge gap between the rich and the poor   Wealthy had tremendous economic power   Industrial workers lived in squalor and worked in dangerous conditions

Reasons for Reform   Inequities in the American economic system: not all Americans shared the fruits of the industrial wealth   Unfair labor practices   Big business was in cahoots with government to gain benefits   Citizens desired positive reform   Investigative journalists dug up facts

Levels of Progressive reform   Reform shifted from the farm to the city   Reform climbed the ladder from the local government, to state government and finally to the national government

McKinley Assassinated, September 1901

Emma Goldman   Leading anarchist Emma Goldman was denounced for not condemning killer   Anarchism in the USA generally lost favor after McKinley’s assassination

President Theodore Roosevelt

The “Teddy” bear

The “Bully Pulpit” means ______

TR campaigning

TR: first president to ride in a car! (1902)

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Woodrow Wilson

Inauguration, 1913

Suffrage movement means _

Federal Employee growth

Progressive Reformers

1. Jacob Riis: Poverty Issues

Tenement Housing

How the Other Half Lives   Described the plight of the poor   Used photos to graphically detail the poverty of newly arrived immigrants and the working poor

Uncovered checks detailing bribery 2. Lincoln Steffens

Immigrants treated unfairly

3. Tarbell Investigated Standard Oil   Uncovered secret deals made between Rockefeller, J.P. Morgan, and Vanderbilt to put the competition out of business

4. Frank Norris’ The Octopus   Used the novel format to describe the conflict between California wheat growers and railroads   Railroads charged unfair prices

5. Charles Edward Russell   Investigated Georgia chain gangs   Uncovered the bribery, blackmail, and cruelty of the chain gang system

6. Edward Bok

Studied patent medicines

Tonics filled with drugs   No regulation of the patent drug industry   Those who dispensed drugs did not know their effects

Cocaine & alcohol in tonics

Morphine in baby medicine

7. Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle

Hogs with cholera slaughtered

TR learned from Sinclair

TR’s Trust Busting

8. David Graham Phillips   Studied the corruption in the U.S. Senate   Discovered bribery between big business and government

17th Amendment Created direct election of U.S. Senators

Lewis Hines Child Labor Photographs,

Doffer Boys

Spinning “mill” girls

Mill girl = 48¢ per day

News boy in Philadelphia

Mine boy in Pittston, PA

Breaker Boys

Cigar Maker Boys

Seafood “cutting” Boys

Oyster Boy, age 9

Fruit pickers

Lumber Boys, Vermont

Youth Gamblers