Know Your Muscle Fiber Types Anaerobic Threshold Exercise and Diabetes Hormones And Fuel Fluxes Elite and Athletes
The three primary muscle fiber types in humans.
What are Type 1 (SO), Type 2a (FOG), and Type 2b (FG)?
This fiber type is recruited at low central nervous system stimulation.
What are Type 1 fibers?
Fiber type is determined by this.
What are the -motorneurons that innervate them?
Haile Gebrasellaise has lots of these compared to Usain Bolt.
What are Type 1 fibers?
These muscle fibers have the biggest diameter.
What are Type 2b fibers?
It is thought to reflect a deficit in this proton acceptor.
What is oxygen?
These are the primary macronutrient used above the Anaerobic Threshold
What are carbohydrates?
Anaerobic threshold is a superior diagnostic tool for at risk patients for this reason.
It does not require that patients exercise to a maximum rate?
The term and the concept of Anaerobic Threshold was defined in 1964 by the father of this illustratious member of the Vanderbilt faculty.
Who is David H. Wasserman?
More of these fiber types are recruited above the anaerobic threshold.
What are Type 2a an 2b fibers?
The single most serious acute complication of insulin-dependent diabetes in the active diabetic.
What is exercise-induced hypoglycemia?
Poorly-controlled diabetics experience this during exercise.
What is a worsened hyperglycemia?
These contribute to the prevalence of insulin-induced hypoglycemia during exercise in patients maintained on conventional (subcutaneous) insulin therapy.
What is an increase in insulin sensitivity and an increase in subcutaneous insulin absorption?
He is the only Type 1 diabetic in the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Who is Jim Catfish Hunter?
This Type 1 diabetic won an Olympic Gold Medal in the 50 m freestyle in Athens in 2004
Who is Gary Hall Jr.?
Three reasons why glucagon is so much more effective during exercise than at rest.
What are (1) increased flux of gluconeogenic substrates, (2) sensitization due to fall in insulin, (3) increased glucose uptake that prevents hyperglycemia?
Catecholamines are important in mobilizing these two fuel depots.
What are lipid stores in adipose and glycogen in muscle?
Blood flow to muscle is a likely physiological mechanism for increased sensitivity to this hormone.
What is insulin?
This hormone stimulates amino acid extraction by the liver and ureagenesis in the liver.
What is glucagon?
Too much of this hormone such as may occur after feeding or in people with diabetes can block glucose release from the liver and fatty acid release from adipose tissue.
What is insulin?
A characteristic of motor unit recruitment in an elite long jumper.
What is increased synchrony of motor unit recruitment?
Endurance trained are athletes have a greater capacity to metabolize this macronutrient.
What are fatty acids?
Hall of Fame baseball great Lou Gehrig died of a neurodegenerative disease and is best known for playing in this many consecutive games.
What is 2130 consecutive games?
The trained fibers of a sprinter generate greater ATP from this pathway than the fibers of a long distance runner.
What is anaerobic glycolysis?
A trained distance runner has a greater capacity for blood transport and muscle usage of this diatomic gas?
What is oxygen?