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Cell Reproduction GeneticsHuman Genetics DNA Technology Evolution Protein Synthesis

Which is responsible for most genotypic and phenotypic variation among humans? A meiosis B budding C mitosis D regeneration A 100

A meiosis A 100

Which process is an example of asexual reproduction? A An amoeba divides in half to form two amoebas. B A bee transfers pollen from one flower to another. C A female fish deposits eggs on a rock, then a male fish releases sperm on them. D Earthworms exchange sperm. A 200

A an amoeba divides in half to form two amoebas A 200

A cloned plant has a diploid chromosome number of 12. What is the diploid chromosome number of the plant cell that was used to produce the cloned plant? A 6 B 12 C 18 D 24 A 300

B 12 A 300

What advantage do sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms? A genetic variation B genetic stability C increased fertilization rate D increased reproductive rate A 400

A genetic variation A 400

What process produces many variations in phenotypes? A independent assortment B asexual reproduction C regeneration D cloning A 500

A independent assortment A 500

One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria? A 0% B 50% C 75% D 100% B 100

A 0% B 100

Hitchhiker’s thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker’s thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker’s thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker’s thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children? A 0% Hh : 100% hh B 50% Hh : 50% hh C 75% Hh : 25% hh D 100% Hh: 0% hh B 200

B 50% Hh : 50% hh B 200

In a particular species of plants, when the soil pH is greater than 7, blue flowers are produced. However, when the soil pH is less than 7, pink flowers are produced. Which statement best explains the color change in the plant? A Multiple alleles determine the color of the flowers. B The change in flower color is a result of a mutation. C Polygenic inheritance produces the different flower colors. D The environment influences the expression of the gene for flower color. B 300

D the environment B 300

Several matings between the same male black guinea pig and female brown guinea pig produce a total of 12 brown and 14 black guinea pigs. If black is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents? A BB × bb B Bb × bb C BB × Bb D Bb × Bb B 400

B Bb x bb B 400

Some flowers show incomplete dominance. If RR = white and R′R′ = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two pink flowers? A 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white B 0 red : 4 pink : 0 white C 3 red : 0 pink : 1 white D 4 red : 0 pink : 0 white B 500

A 1 red: 2 pink: 1 white B 500

Most sex-linked, recessive traits– including hemophilia and color blindness– appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement? A Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes. B Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive. C In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome. D In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome. C 100

D In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome. C 100

A couple has five children, all with blood type A. The mother’s blood type is O, and the father’s blood type is A. Based on this information, which describes the most probable genotype of the father? A diploid B haploid C heterozygous D homozygous C 200

D homozygous C 200

Which genetic abnormality can be identified through karyotyping? A point mutation B recessive allele C extra chromosome D sex-linked allele C 300

C extra chromosome C 300

DAILY DOUBLE C 400 DAILY DOUBLE Place A Wager

Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood? A one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type A blood B one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type O blood C one parent with heterozygous type A blood, and the other parent with type O blood D one parent with homozygous type A blood, and the other parent with homozygous type B blood C 400

C one parent with heterozygous type A blood, and the other parent with type O blood C 400

In genetics research, what is the purpose of a test cross? A to determine the phenotypes of the parents B to determine the genotypes of the parents C to determine whether or not two parents could produce viable offspring D to determine how many offspring can be produced by two parents C 500

B to determine the genotypes of the parents C 500

A plant nursery only grew one type of tomato plant. All of their tomato plants died from the same disease. What was most likely true of the tomato plant population? A They had a lot of resistance to disease. B They had a few plants that were resistant to the disease. C They had too much variation in their genes. D They had little variation in their genes. D 100

D They had little variation in their genes. D 100

Which is a use of genetically engineered bacteria? A identifying the remains of an unknown person B developing a DNA fingerprint for blood left at a crime scene C making human insulin for diabetics D producing corn that is resistant to herbicides D 200

C making human insulin for diabetics D 200

A paleontologist is comparing the fossilized remains of two primates. Both animals had a prehensile tail. What can be concluded from this evidence? A They were not related. B They lived on the ground. C They evolved from a common ancestor. D They had bipedal locomotion. D 300

C they evolved from a common ancestor D 300

Variation within species was important to the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain? A Resources become limited over long periods of time. B Populations often increase rapidly and without warning. C Competition is fierce among members of different species. D Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others. D 400

D some organisms survive and reproduce better than others D 400

Variety within a species is most likely to result from which situation? A severe weather conditions that might occur, such as hurricanes or blizzards B adaptation to local environmental characteristics by isolated populations of the species C the extinction of competing species over a broad range of habitats D sex-specific coloring differences D 500

B adaptation to local environmental characteristics by isolated populations of the species D 500

Which could be considered biochemical evidence of an evolutionary relationship? A absence of vestigial structures B presence of embryonic gill slits C similar anatomical structures D presence of identical proteins E 100

D presence of identical proteins E 100

Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms? A similarity in behavior B similarity in DNA C similarity in habitat D similarity in niche E 200

B similarity in DNA E 200

According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker, and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses? A commensalism B inbreeding C migration D natural selection E 300

D natural selection E 300

Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth? A prokaryotic and aerobic B prokaryotic and anaerobic C eukaryotic and aerobic D eukaryotic and anaerobic E 400

B prokaryotic and anaerobic E 400

A researcher sprays a new pesticide on thousands of insects of the same species that live in a large field. A few of the insects survive. What can be concluded by the researcher? A The species of insects will likely become resistant to the pesticide. B The ideal interval between the first and second applications of the pesticide should be increased. C The pesticide has no effect on the species. D The concentration of the pesticide was too weak E 500

A The species of insects will likely become resistant to the pesticide. E 500

A strand of DNA with the sequence AAC AAG CCC undergoes a mutation, and the first A is changed to a C. How will this mutation affect the amino acid sequence? A One amino acid will change. B Two amino acids will change. C All of the amino acids will change. D The amino acids will remain the same. F 100

A one amino acid will change F 100

A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT What is the complementary strand of DNA? A UAG CAU B TAG CAT C ATG CTA D AUG CUA F 200

C ATG CTA F 200

Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below? tRNA : ribosome A book : publisher B truck : factory C key : lock D baker : pie F 300

B truck:factory F 300

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped? A osmosis B photosynthesis C protein synthesis D respiration F 400

C protein synthesis F 400

If the DNA strand is TAC CTA, What is the mRNA strand after transcription? F 500

AUG GAU F 500

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