IP Addresses & IP Subnetting Lab-2-3

What is IP Address A 32 bit address that is used to uniquely identify a device on network.

Understanding about IP A Unique Identifier A Way to Identify machine / computers on a network Use to Connect to another computer Network Switch

How to Check / Assign IP How to Check Connectivity

IANA IANA is responsible to allocate / issue the Internet Protocol- IPS IANA Stands for Internet Assigned Numbers Authority An American Company working under ICANN  (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

IP Versions IP-V 4 & IP-V 6

Classes of IP & Their Range Address Range Supports Class A 1 - 126 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks. Class B 127 - 191 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks. Class C 192 - 223 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks. Class D 224 - 239 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast groups. Class E 240 - 255 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 Reserved for future use, or Research and Development Purposes.

Identify IP Class /Network 10.16.5.50 10.16.5.51 172.16.6.10 172.16.6.11 192.168.1.20 192.168.1.21

Identify Connectivity 10.16.5.50 10.16.5.51 192.168.1.40 10.16.5.52 172.16.5.20 172.16.5.22 172.16.5.21 192.168.1.42 192.168.1.50

Types of IP Private IP Private IP address is used to assign computers within your network without letting them directly expose to the Internet. Public IP A public IP address is an IP address that can be accessed over the Internet. A public IP address is globally unique, and can only be assigned to an unique device

Private , Public IP Example

IP v-4 Structure/ Format Consists of 32 Bit IP Address consists of 4 Sections Each Section is 8 Bit Long Each Section can range from 0 - 255

IP Classes Range With Networks / Hosts Default Subnet Masks No. of Networks 2n No. of Hosts 2h - 2 A 1 – 126 255.0.0.0 / 8 28 = 256 224 – 2 = 16,777,214 B 128 - 191 255.255.0.0 / 16 216 = 65,536 216 – 2 = 65,534 C 192 – 223 255.255.255.0 / 24 224 = 16,777,216 28 – 2 = 254

IP Classes with Network Bits / Host Bits Class – A Network Bits =8 Host Bits = 24 8 Bits Network Host 255 8 Bit 24- Bits Class – B Network Bits = 16 Host Bits = 16 8 Bits Network Host 172 16 5 1 255 16 Bits 16- Bits Class – C Network Bits = 24 Host Bits = 8 8 Bits Network Host 192 168 1 255 24 Bits

Decimal To Binary / Binary To Decimal

Decimal To Binary / Binary To Decimal Decimal Format: Class A IP: 10.16.5.1 Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 In Binary: IP = 00001110 . 00010000 . 00000101 . 00000001 Subnet = 11111111 . 00000000 . 00000000 . 00000000 10 = 00001110 16 = 00010000 = 00000101 1 = 00000001

2 Raise the Power Decimal Format: Binary Format: Class B IP: 172.16.5.10 10101100 . 00010000 . 00000101 . 00001010 Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 111111111. 11111111 . 00000000 . 00000000 2 Raise the Power 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 255 172 16 5 10 128 1 64 32 8 4 2

2 Raise the Power Decimal Format: Binary Format: Class C IP: 192.168.1.10 11000000 . 10101000 . 00000101 . 00001010 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 111111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 00000000 2 Raise the Power 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 255 192 168 1 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Decimal IP 190 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 1 128 + 64 32 32+ 16 16+ 8 8+ 4 4+ 2 Decimal IP 190 = 10111110

Binary To Decimal Binary IP: 10110100 128 + 32 +16 + 4 = 180 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Binary IP: 00010100 16 + 4 = 20 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

How to Calculate Max No. of Host In Single Network pool For Example: 192.168.1.0 / 24 2n-2 = 28-2 = 256 – 2 = 254

How to Calculate Network ID Decimal IP :172.16.20.22 Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 Binary IP : 10101100 . 00010000. 00010100.00010110 Binary Subnet : 11111111 . 11111111 . 00000000.00000000 Perform & operation to find out Network ID Network ID : 10101100 . 00010000. 00000000.00000000 Network ID : 172 . 16 . 0 . 0

10 16 6 255 N H Class A 10.16.6.10 / 8 176 16 6 10 255 N H Class B 172.16.6.10 / 16 196 168 16 10 255 N H 172.16.6.10 / 24 Class C

IP Subnetting

What is IP Subnetting A technique that is use to divide a single Internet Protocol (IP) network into multiple smaller logical sub-networks

Used IP in GBS Lab: 50 Waste IP: 204 GBS Lab Total No. of Pc: 50 Network: 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 CS Lab Total No. of Pc: 36 Network: 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Used IP in CS Lab: 36 Waste IP: 218 Used IP in Lec Lab-1: 62 Waste IP: 192 Lec Lab-1 Total No. of Pc: 62 Network: 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 GBS Lab-2 Total No. of Pc: 52 Network: 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 Used IP in Lec Lab-2: 52 Waste IP: 202

Procedure for Subnetting How many hosts you want per sub-networks How many bits, you will use What will be your new Subnet Mask What will be Slash value What will be block size / subnets Total number of subnets What will be the Network ID, Broadcast IP, First Useable IP, Last Useable IP for each subnet

Procedure Host:50 How many hosts you want per sub-networks = 50 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.0 / 24 Procedure Host:50 How many hosts you want per sub-networks = 50 How many bits, you will use 2n = 2*2*2*2*2*2 = 64 n=6 What will be your new Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.192 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Slash Value : 192.168.1.0 / 26 What will be block size / subnets = 64 Total number of subnets = 256 / 64 = 4

Block Size / Sub-Networks 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Required Host:50 Block Size / Sub-Networks Network ID First Useable IP Last Useable Broadcast ID 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.62 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.126 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129 192.168.1.190 192.168.1.191 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.193 192.168.1.253 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.256

Required Host:14 Network: 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 How many hosts you want per sub-networks = 14 How many bits, you will use 2n = 2*2*2*2 = 16 n=4 What will be your new Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.240 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Slash Value = 192.168.1.0 / 28 What will be block size / subnets = 16 Total number of subnets = 256 / 16 = 16

Block Size / Sub-Networks 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Required Host:50 Block Size / Sub-Networks Network Address Network ID First Useable IP Last Useable Broadcast ID 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.14 192.168.1.15 192.168.1.16 192.168.1.17 192.168.1.30 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.46 192.168.1.47 192.168.1.48 192.168.1.49 192.168.1.62 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.78 192.168.1.79 Max Subnets = 16

Required Host:950 How many hosts you want per sub-networks = 950 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 OR 172.16.0.0/16 Required Host:950 How many hosts you want per sub-networks = 950 How many bits, you will use 2n = 2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2 = 1024 n=10 What will be your new Subnet Mask = 255.255.252.0 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Slash Value : 172.16.0.0 / 22 What will be block size / subnets = 4 Total number of subnets = 256 / 4 = 64

Block Size / Sub-Networks 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 OR 172.16.0.0/16 Procedure Host:950 Block Size / Sub-Networks Network Address Network ID First Useable IP Last Useable Broadcast ID 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.1 172.16.3.254 172.16.3.255 172.16.4.0 172.16.4.1 172.16.7.254 172.16.7.255 172.16.8.0 172.16.8.1 172.16.11.254 172.16.11.255 172.16.12.0 172.16.12.1 172.16.15.254 172.16.15.255 172.16.16.0 172.16.16.1 172.16.19.254 172.16.19.255 Max Subnets = 64

Network Interconnecting Devices, IP Addresses, IP Subnetting Quiz. 1 & Assignment . 1 Quiz. 1 Network Interconnecting Devices, IP Addresses, IP Subnetting Assignment. 1 Check Your Inbox In Evening, Submission Date: Wed,13-April-2016

What will be the subnet mask in decimal notation of 192.168.1.0 / 28 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.240 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

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