Gender Inequality in South Korea: 20th vs. 21st Century Presented by
Background Gender inequality: discrimination based on gender To allow access, control of resources, benefits, decision-making structures and processes. South Korea has faced gender equality problems since the Chosun period in 19 th century. Tremendous improvements in tackling the problem. 1999: male, female unemployment rates stood at 6.0% and 18.1% respectively; 2012: rates stood at 3.4% and 3.0% respectively.
Education 1975: trends in female enrollment in secondary, tertiary institutions stood at 48, 5 females respectively. 1995: figures improved to 101 and 38 respectively. Current figures: 95% of citizens undergo high school education. Of these, women account for around 46 percent. Enrollment in college and higher learning institutions demonstrates little gender disparity - men account for 61.7%, compared to women’s 57.6%.
Political participation 20th century: women restricted from public sphere Authorities banned women from vying for any political seat, voting Under the Confucian philosophy, before the promulgation of constitution on 17 July, : parliament amended the Political Parties Act Enacted that 50% of proportional representation must be women
Political participation 2006: South Korea elected first woman Prime Minister, Han Myeong-sook 2013: Park Geun-hye became first female president
Economic participation 20th Century: women struggled to participate in economic sector. Confucian philosophy limited women’s participation, influenced male domination 1960: economy showed per capita income level of $80 Per capita income had been higher than $22,000 in
Economic participation World Bank: South Korea employed 20% of women in agriculture sector in 1990, compared to 16.3% of men. 2010: 6.9% women and 6.6% men in the industry. Economy has shifted from agriculture to manufacturing as main source of income Women currently well represented in sector.
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