1 1 Abnormal Psychology Canadian Edition Gerald C. Davison John M. Neale Kirk R. Blankstein Gordon L. Flett Gerald C. Davison John M. Neale Kirk R. Blankstein Gordon L. Flett Prepared by Richard A. Davis PowerPoint Presentations to Accompany Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.

2 2 chapter 7 Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.

3 Somatoform & Dissociative Disorders Somatoform disorders –Bodily symptoms that suggest a physical defect or dysfunction, but no physiological basis can be found Dissociative disorders –Disruptions of consciousness, memory, and identity

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.4 Somatoform Disorders Pain disorder –Psychological factors play a significant role in the onset and maintenance of pain Body dysmporphic disorder –Preoccupation with imagined or exaggerated defects in physical appearance Hypochondriasis –Preoccupation with fears of having a serious illness

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.5 Somatoform Disorders Conversion disorder –Sensory or motor symptoms without any physiological cause –Anesthesias –Hysteria Malingering La belle indifference Factitious disorder

Somatoform Disorders

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.7 Somatoform Disorders Somatization disorder –4 pain symptoms in different locations –2 gastrointestinal symptoms –1 sexual symptom other than pain –1 pseudoneurological symptom

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.8 Etiology of Somatoform Disorders Etiology of somatization disorder Psychoanalytic theory of conversion disorder –Anna O. Behavioural theory of conversion disorder Social and cultural factors in conversion disorder Biological factors in conversion disorder

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.9 Therapies for Somatoform Disorders Cognitive behavioural approach –Validating that the pain is real, and not just in the patient’s head –Relaxation training –Rewarding the person for behaving in ways inconsistent with the pain (toughing it out)

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.10 Dissociative Disorders Dissociative amnesia –Person is unable to recall important personal information –Usually after some stressful episode –Information is not permanently lost Dissociative fugue –Person suddenly leaves home and work and assumes a new identity

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.11 Dissociative Disorders Depersonalization disorder –Person’s perception or experience of the self is disconcertingly and disruptively altered Dissociative identity disorder (DID) –Person has at least two separate ego states, or alters, that exist independent of each other –Alters come forth and are in control at different times –Multiple personality disorder –Controversies in the diagnosis of DID

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.12 Dissociative Disorders Etiology of DID Treatment of DID –Integration of the several personalities –Individual outpatient psychotherapy –Hypnotic techniques can be useful in crisis management –Therapists should take a respectful neutral stance on recovered memories –Exorcisms should be avoided

Copyright 2002 by John Wiley and Sons Canada, Ltd.13 Repressed Memories of Child Sexual Abuse Are recovered memories based on fact? If not, where do they come from? –Popular writings –Therapists’ suggestions –Research on memory

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