LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES UNIT 6: CUBAN REVOLUTION APRIL 25, 2011

BLACKBOARD CONFIGURATION Do Now: Write a sentence or two explaining why your research topic is significant in the revolutionary context of Latin America. Objectives: 1.To discuss different ways to construct outlines 2.To review the Cuban wars in the early 20 th century 3.To understand Machado and Battista as key players in the set up to the Cuban Revolution Homework: 1.Bring in Back on the Road to class tomorrow 2.Outline due Wednesday

OUTLINE FOR RESEARCH PROJECT Should be constructed around proving your overall idea Tool for organization

EXAMPLE Topic for project: Muralism in Mexico Thesis: Murals provided a format for integrating politics into culture so that more people would support the new government. Evidence paragraphs: 1.Diego Rivera 1.Specific mural or information that would connect back to my main idea 2.Jose Clemente Orozco 1.Murals in the church of the orphanage 2.Main themes 3.David Alfaro Siqueiros 1.Writing on how to create a mural

ANOTHER EXAMPLE Topic for project: Muralism in Mexico Thesis: Murals provided a format for integrating politics into culture so that more people would support the new government. Evidence paragraphs: 1.What is a mural? 1.Large piece of art with a public message 2.Quote from Siqueiros’ text 2.Major themes of murals 1.Revolution 2.Development of indigenous population 3.Reference a specific mural (include picture!) 3.State sponsorship of muralists 1.Vasconcelos and the Secretariat of Public Education

CUBAN REVOLUTION LESSON 2: MACHADO AND BATTISTA

POP QUIZ! You may use your notes from last class in order to answer the following questions: 1.What prompted the United States to join the war in Cuba in 1898 against Spain? 2.What kind of government was set up in Cuba once they gained independence in 1898? 3.What was the main product of the Cuban economy? 4.What was the Platt Amendment? 5.Who was Tomas Estrada Palma? Why was he important?

NEW LEADERS, NEW GOVERNMENT : Occupation forces of General John Brooke and General Leonard Wood 1902: Tomas Estrada Palma elected first president of Cuba Reelected in : Platt Amendment 1906: US named William H. Taft governor of Cuba 2 nd military occupation

CUBAN HISTORY: A SERIES OF AMBASSADORS AND LEADERS Fraudulent election of 1906  US intervention William H. Taft appointed interim governor in September ,000 marines to Havana Charles Magoon appointed new governor

1909: NEW PRESIDENT Jose Miguel Gomez entered office Cuban government controlled by strict interpretation of Platt amendment 1912: “Colored revolt” Organization of Independent Colored Party

1913: NEW PRESIDENT Mario Garcia Mencal Reelected in 1917  brief American intervention Rebellion (result of 1906) Why did that intervention not last?

1921: ALFREDO ZAYAS It took 2 elections to elect Zayas “The dance of the millions” Loan from J.P. Morgan & Co. Achievement by the time he left office?

1924: MACHADO “All for Cuba, and Cuba for All” Promised to revise Platt amendment What did he do in office? Extended term of leader Elected again for a longer term Approval of US Repression of lower classes

GERARDO MACHADO

Growth of leftist party during his leadership Corruption! Appointment of Sumner Welles by Roosevelt as ambassador Anti-Machado

REVOLT OF THE SERGEANTS Events leading up to Machado’s resignation in 1933 Beginning of Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar’s unofficial and official control of Cuba 40 months, 7 presidents Ramon Grau San Martin—4 months as leader “pseudo revolution” Spark for 1959

FULGENCIO BATISTA Tagline: “He got past democracy’s sentries”

FULGENCIO BATISTA Institutionalized the military into his presidency Behind the scenes Constitutional president Behind the scenes coup  Batista resumed power as a dictator

HOMEWORK Outline of paper due Wednesday