The Land Ordinance of 1785 & Northwest Ordinance How will new states get added as the population moves westward?

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The Land Ordinance of 1785 & Northwest Ordinance How will new states get added as the population moves westward?

Rewind a bit… When the Treaty of Paris ended the Revolutionary War in 1783, the U.S. acquired all the land east of the Mississippi River. One of the most important questions that had to be answered by the new Congress was what to do with that land. How should it be divided & how should they be governed? The answer to that question became the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance (1787).

What do we do with all this land??

Land Ordinance of 1785 Called for surveyors to stake out six-mile- square plots, called townships, in the Western lands. These lands became known as the Northwest Territory. The NW Territory included land that formed the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota.

An example of a township map.

Northwest Ordinance (1787) As a territory grew in population, it would gain rights to self-government. An assembly could be elected when: 1. 5,000 free males in an area. 2. Each owning at least 50 acres. The area could apply to become a new state when: 1. 60,000 people in one area.

Northwest Ordinance (1787) It also set out conditions for settlement and outlined settlers’ rights: 1. Slavery outlawed 2. Rivers open to all 3. Freedom of religion 4. Trial by jury guaranteed

So why do we care about this? 1. The NW Ordinance was important because it set a pattern for orderly growth of the U.S. 2. As the nation grew, it followed this pattern in territories after the NW Territory, such as the Louisiana Purchase.

As the U.S. grew, states were added into the new territories.

What about the Indians? “The utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their lands and property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and, in their property, rights, and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars authorized by Congress; but laws founded in justice and humanity, shall from time to time be made for preventing wrongs being done to them, and for preserving peace and friendship with them.”