Unit 2, Part 2: Plate Tectonics and The Rock Cycle Pretest

Snapshot (do not need to write today) Have a sheet of lined paper ready for the pretest. TitleUnit 2, Part 2 Pretest Content StandardES2: Cycles in Earth Systems Objective/GQWhat am I expected to know and understand by the end of this unit? What do I already know about the Earth? Do NowIn the previous units, how much have you learned between the pretest and the regular quiz or test? Learning Activity Pretest (answer on lined paper) Rubric Review answers HomeworkBring Exploring Planet Earth to class tomorrow DebriefHow did it go today?

Average test performance: Improvement from pretest to posttest StandardPretestPosttestChange INQA81832 INQB75794 INQC75783 ES2A-74? ES2B70766 ES2C ES2D73796

Pre-Testing (for information purposes; does not count towards grades) Stay in assigned seat Eyes on your own paper Number questions and write answers on your lined paper Be specific When finished, staple rubric to pretest and rate performances Then do silent individual activity Silent (before, during, and after)

ES2E: Layers of the Earth

E1) True or False: The earth is made up of layers. True

E2) Draw and label the major layers of the Earth.

E3) How thick are the layers? What is temperature of each layer? What is the consistency of each layer? LayerThickness (km)Temperature ( o C)Consistency CrustVery thin (8-70)Colder (0-870)Solid MantleThick (2900)Hot ( )Solid (but flows) Outer CoreThick (2250)Hotter ( )Liquid Inner CoreThick (1300)Hottest (5000)Solid

E4) What else do you know about the layers of the Earth? LayerChemical CompositionSeismic Waves CrustOxygen, silicon, aluminum, calcium iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium P and S waves MantleSilicon, oxygen, iron, and magnesium P and S waves Outer CoreIron and NickelP waves only Inner CoreIron and NickelP and S waves

ES2F: Plate Tectonics

F1) True or False: The Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates. True

F2) How come the plates of the Earth’s crust move? The plates of the crust are floating on the mantle. When the mantle underneath moves, the crust moves (on average, a few centimeters a year).

F3) Draw a diagram to further explain how and why the tectonic plates move. Show what happens when two plates meet, and when two plates separate.

F4) How come have we more earthquakes and volcanoes in certain parts of the world? List examples of regions where there are earthquakes and volcanoes. There are more earthquakes at the plate boundaries because the plates are moving. Where the plates are separating (like at the Juan de Fuca Ridge), magma can rise and create volcanoes. Where one plate subducts under another (like in the Cascadia subduction zone), crust will melt and then rise up to create a volcano on the surface.

ES2G: Landforms

G1) List several types of landforms. Volcanoes Mountains Plateaus Hills Valleys Plains Glaciers Coastlines

G2) List some of the processes that can build up landforms, and some that can break them down. Build Up Uplift Sediment deposition Lava flows Compression Break Down Erosion Weathering

G3) Explain how a mountain is shaped both by processes that build it up and processes that break it down. Processes such as volcanic eruptions create lava flows which add material to the mountain and build it up. Processes such as erosion by rivers will cut canyons and valleys into the mountain and remove material. Both processes will change the shape of the mountain.

ES2H: The Rock Cycle

H1) What are the three main types of rocks? Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary

H2) What is the rock cycle? How can one type of rock be changed to a different type of rock? Melting then cooling creates igneous rocks Weather and erosion, then compaction and sedimentation, creates sedimentary rocks Some heat and pressure create metamorphic rocks

H3) What properties show evidence of the ways different types of rocks were formed? Igneous rocks can be glassy, have gas bubbles, have microscopic crystals, or have clearly visible crystals – usually harder Sedimentary rocks may have grains, pieces, layers, or fossils that are visible – usually softer Metamorphic rocks may have wavy textures or a shiny texture Igneous (e.g. granite) Sedimentary (e.g. sandstone) Metamorphic (e.g. gneiss)

H4) How can the rock cycle and plate tectonics be used to predict what types of rocks will be found at different locations at various plate boundaries?

Make sure you’ve marked the rubric, put your name on it, and stapled it to your paper. Pass up your papers over to the blue basket. Return the green papers to the front. Thanks.