Presented By Rustam Ansari 1GC05EE037 Under guidance: JANAB AMANULLAH ASST.PROF. GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING RAMANAGARAM DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL &ELECTRONICS ENGG.

INTRODUCTION  It is designed in which the flywheel battery saves and releases energy when necessary.  Flywheel battery resolves the problem of incapability of solar power supply at night and delays the time of supply.  Output characteristics of photovoltaic cell are optimized in this system.  Quality & reliability in power supply is greatly improved.

Modes of Operation  Mode 1: No energy is required by the load, and all energy generated by the PV array is stored in the flywheel.  Mode 2: The PV energy is greater than the load and the surplus is stored in the flywheel.  Mode 3: The PV energy is less than the load and the flywheel supplements the necessary energy to match the load.  Mode 4: No PV energy is generated and the flywheel supplies the load until fully discharged

Modes of operation

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Solar cell is configured as a large-area p-n junction made from silicon. If a piece of p-type silicon is placed in contact with a piece of n-type silicon, then a diffusion of electrons occurs from the region of high electron concentration to low electron concentration. when the electrons diffuse across the p-n junction, they recombine with holes on the p-type side.

 The electric field established across the p-n junction creates a diode that promotes charge flow, known as drift current.  This region where electrons and holes have diffused across the junction is called the depletion region.  This region no longer contains any mobile charge carriers known as the space charge region.

Diagram of Flywheel energy storage unit

Merits of Flywheel energy storage unit  Highly efficient, Non-polluting.  Reliable, Long life.  Easily and inexpensively maintained, and safe.  Much higher charging and discharging rate.  Able to cyclic discharged to zero energy without degrading  The storage capacity is independent of temperature fluctuations.  Much higher energy storage efficiencies.  High power output.

POWER REGULATION AND CONDITIONING  Regulator circuitry is required to cyclically bring the energy storage system on- and off-line to maintain a constant supply of energy available to the load.  If the PV array output dropped below a certain threshold, the PV would be disconnected from the load to be replaced by the flywheel battery which would begin to decelerate and discharge.  If the PV output rise above a certain threshold, the flywheel battery would be disconnected from the load and would begin to accelerate & charge from a port of the array's output.  Once the flywheel reached its design speed, it would not require any further charging due to its long rundown time-constant.

FLYWHEEL BATTERY USED IN SOME DIFFERENT AREAS ARE SHOWN BELOW : Wasted heat is storage

Storage system

Satellite Placed in

Head phone battery

CONCLUSION  Reduce cost of flywheel rotor and advanced magnetic bearing.  Mass will produced with quality.  Develop light weight vacuum containment vessel.  Reduced over all system weight.  With the proposed system, the PV array can satisfy the load for a prolonged duration.

REFERENCES 1) Tang Shuangqing Zuo Weiwei Liao Daoxum A new flywheel energy storage system for distributed generation. 2) Jiancheng Zhang; Zhiye Chen; Lijun Cai; Yuhua Zhao. "Flywheel energy storage system design for distribution network", IEEE on Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2000, Vol. 4: 2619 – ) Yuanfang Zhou, Renshan Xiao, Jingzhang Liao, Shizuo Li. "Design Researches on Rare-Earth Permanent Magnetic Brushless D.C. Motors", Guangxi Elctric Power Technology in China, 1996, Vol. 2: ) Reinke, L.J. "Tutorial overview of flywheel energy storage in a photovoltaic power generation system", vol.2: 1161 –1164.

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