Module 3 Sporting life Unit 3 language in use

上一模块中，我们学习了一般现在 时的被动语态，但是如果要表达发 生在过去的事情或行为，或者是要 表达将来发生的事情或行为的话， 被动语态又该如何使用呢？

下面我们首先来总结一下本模块中出 现的有代表性的被动语态的句子： You were defeated last time. I wasn’t chosen this time. Liu Xiang will also be asked to appear in Advertisements and films. When will the match be held? You won’t be allowed to watch with our fans.

同学们都已知道，被动语态的谓语部分 为 “be+ 动词的过去分词 ”, 其中 be 为助动 词，有形式的变化。以动词 do 为例， 根据时态变化规则，一般过去时 和一般将来时的被动语态形式如下：

时态主动语态被动语态 一般 现在时 一般 过去时 一般 将来时 do/doesis/am/are+done did will/ be going to do was/were+done will be done be going to be done

下面让我们来看一下被动语态的疑问和 否定形式该如何表达呢？ 时态肯定形式否定形式疑问形式 一般 现在时 S+ am/is/are +done S+am/is/are +not+done Am/Is/Are +S+done?

时态肯定形式否定形式疑问形式 一般 过去 时 一般 将来 时 S+ was/were +done S+ was/were +not+done Was /Were +S+done? S+will not be+done S+ am/is/are going to be done Am /Is/Are +S+going to be done? S+ am/is/are not going to be done Will+ S +done? S+will be +done

如： --Was the cup broken by Tom? --Yes, it was./ No, it wasn’t. --Will they be allowed to go? --Yes, they will./ No, they won’t.

下面让我们来看一下像 invite sb. to do sth. 等复合宾语结构在被动语态 中有变化吗？下面让我们一起来对 比一下主动语态的形式与被动语态 的形式： 含宾语补足语结构的被动语态：

I will ask you to go to school. You will be asked (by me) to go to school. 由上可以看出，被动语态的句子是把主 动语态中的宾语提到了主语的位置，宾 语补足语位置不变。 S V. O. 宾补

含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时, 有两种方法： ( 可带双宾语的动词常有 :pass, give, send, show, buy, teach 等 ) ①将间接宾语变为主语, 直接宾语保 持不变。 ②将直接宾语变为主语, 间接宾语前 须有介词（一般是 for 或 to ）。 含双宾语结构的被动语态：

如： He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. The book was given to me by him. ③ 在主动语态中, 动词 make, let, see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice 等后接不带 to 的 不定式作宾语补足语，但变成被动语态 时，后面要加 to.

如： I heard him sing in the next school. he was heard to sing in the next school. The man makes the boy do his homework. The boy is made to do his homework (by the man).

1. Her friend sent her a gift yesterday. A gift ___ ___ ___her yesterday by her friend. She____ ____ a gift yesterday by her friend. was sent to was sent 2. My father bought me a new bike. A new bike ____ _____ ___me by my father. I ___ _____a new bike by my father. was bought for was bought

when / the next Olympic Games / hold? 1. Work in pairs. Ask and answer. When will the next Olympic Games be held ?

1. who / choose / represent China / the next Olympics ? the best sports stars / choose / represent China The best sports stars will be chosen to represent China. Who will be chosen to represent China the next Olympics ?

2. what / Liu Xiang / ask / to do / in the future? He / ask / appear films and record music What will Liu Xiang be asked to do in the future ? He will be asked appear films and record music.

3. how / Liu Xiang help / by a special prgramme in the past ? his races / record / and his performance /compare / with best sports sports stars How was Liu Xiang helped by a special prgramme in the past? His races were recorded and his performance was compared with best sports stars.

4. how many gold medals/win/China at the Athens OlympIcs? thirty-two gold medals/win/China at the Athens Olympics Thirty-two gold medals were won by China at the Athens Olympics. How many gold medals were won by China at the Athens Olympics ?

5. where/the most successful students at China's sports school/train? they/train/at the National Training Centre They were trained at the National Training Centre. Where were the most successful students at China's sports school trained ?

2. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words.

Millions of people around the world (1) _____________(watch) the last Olympic Games. And the next Olympic Games (2)________________ (see) by millions more. Some stars of the last Olympics (3) _________ (train) at special schools. Special programme was set up help them. watched will be seen trained

There, students’ performance (4) _____________ (record) and (5) _____________ (compare) with the world's beat sports stars. The coaches (6) _________ (use) the information to chaining programmes, The same programmes (7) ___________ also ____________ (help) to make the stars of the future. was recorded compared used will be helped

3. Look at the pictures and put them in the correct order

Now work in pairs and discuss the true event of the Olympics In London, 1908, Use the words under each picture.

An Italian marathon runner, Dorando Pietri, entered the stadium and took a wrong turn. He fell down.

He was treated by a doctor.

He was helped across the finishing line.

He was awarded first place.

An hour later, after a discussion, the American Johnny Hayes was given first place instead.

4. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in the box. compare competition defeat encourage fan match point team train win

Ted: Did you watch the match on Saturday? Bob: Yes, I did. I’m a big (1) _____ of BIG. Ted: Oh, BIG is my favourite (2) ______, too. Bob: I'm very happy because they did so well in the (3) ___________. Ted: Yes, they have scored so many (4) ______this season. fan points competition team

Bob:They’ve(5)_____every match so far... Ted: And that must have (6) __________ them a lot. Bob: Do you think they'll (7) ______ HAS ? Ted: Yes, I do. They’ve (8) ______very hard this season. Bob: Yes, and I think BIG play very well (9) __________with HAS now. encouraged compared trained defeat won

1. Xu Haifeng won the first gold ____ in Olympic Game for China. a) medal b) symbol c) prize d) point 2. Liu Xiang _______ by his coach to train regularly. a) told b) was advised c) was defeated d) compared 5. Choose the best answer.

3. The team played well, but they didn't ______ the competition. a) score b) do c) win d) succeed 4. Mr Li ________ to represent the new computer company because of his great contribution. a) were noticed b) was chosen c) set up d) help

5. Our team entered the ____ after we won 50 matches. a) competition b) season c) medal d) training 6. BIG ______ Beijing International Globetrotter. a) makes b) spells c) stands for d) looks like

7. Our team lost ! They _____ by the champions. a) noticed b) were defeated c) won d) were encouraged

1 She found her training difficult when she first started doing taekwondo. 2 She trains without a coach. 3 She is a very tough person, even when she isn’t doing sports. 4 She didn’t win a gold medal at the Athens Olympic Games. 5 Chen Zhong won’t be in the next Olympic Games. 6 Listen and check the true statements. √ × × × ×

7. Listen again and choose the correct answer. 1. Who encouraged her to continue with her training? a) Her coach and her. b) Her friends. c) Her fans.

2. How does she change when she is in a competition? a) She becomes tough. b) She becomes shy. c) She becomes happy.

3. What does Chen Zhong want to do in the future? a) To set up a taekwondo school. b) To encourage people to take part in the Olympics. c) To win another gold medal in the next Olympic Games.

The Paralympic Games In 1948, Sir Ludwig Guttmann, a doctor at a hospital in England, began using sport as part of his patients' treatment. He set up a competition with other hospitals at the same time as the

London Olympic in that year.Over the next ten year, the competition grew bigger and bigger with more hospitals in England taking part. In 1960,at the Rome Olympics, Guttmann brought 400 athletes to compete. The modern parallel Olympics (or "Paralympics") were born.

More and more people take part in Paralypics, and at the Paralympics in Sydney. a total of 125 countries took part.Crowded stadiums and enormous media coverage across the world made this the beat Paralympics ever.

Making a class sports survey Module task

Carry out your survey. * Ask as many students as you can to answer your questions. 9. Work in groups. Write questions to find out about the sport people like to watch and do. * What sports do you like? * How often...? * Do you like to...or...?

☺ Say how many students you asked the questions were. We asked...student “ What...?” ☺ Compare their answers. … students said... and... students said... Write the results of your survey.

1. —What beautiful flowers in the garden! —Yeah! They ________ here last year. [06 宁波 ] A planted B were planted C are planted D will be planted

2. Please be quiet. We are not allowed _____much noise in the reading room. [06 江苏泰州 ] A to make B make C making D to making