Calibration of Radium 226. Introduction to Radium Discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie Radium (chemical symbol Ra) is a naturally-occurring radioactive metal.

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Presentation transcript:

Calibration of Radium 226

Introduction to Radium Discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie Radium (chemical symbol Ra) is a naturally-occurring radioactive metal. Its most common isotopes are radium-226, radium 224, and radium-228. Radium is a radionuclide formed by the decay of uranium and thorium in the environment. It occurs at low levels in virtually all rock, soil, water, plants, and animals. Early 1900s – radium was used in such products as toothpaste, hair tonic, ointments, elixirs, glow in the dark watch faces, and was an early source of radiation treatment for cancer Now is it used in some industrial radiography devices and added to the tips of lightning rods, improving their effectiveness

Ra226 Decay Chain

alphayieldenergyisotope a 11.90× LEAD-210 a 17.92× BISMUTH-210 a 25.28× BISMUTH-212 a 15.25× BISMUTH-214 a 24.41× BISMUTH-216 a 31.28× BISMUTH-218 a 41.22× BISMUTH-220 a 51.13× BISMUTH-222 a 68.23× BISMUTH-224 a 11.22× POLONIUM-210 a POLONIUM-212 a 16.00× POLONIUM-214 a 21.04× POLONIUM-216 a 11.10× POLONIUM-218 a POLONIUM-218 a POLONIUM-220 a 15.00× RADON-222 a 27.80× RADON-224 a 39.99× RADON-226 a 12.70× RADIUM-226 a 21.00× RADIUM-228 a 36.50× RADIUM-230 a 45.55× RADIUM-232 a 59.44× RADIUM-234 Natural Radioactive Series

Purpose To re-calibrate the radium-2 source and determine the correct energies for the alpha particles being emitted

“DOG” Calibration Layer of dirt, oil, and grease on the radium 1 source caused a downshift in energy 18 keV 15 keV 16 keV 10 keV 13 keV

Ra-1 Shifted with Gold

Ra-1 Spectrum with Am241 Peak

Centroid vs. Edge Energies MeV Ra MeV Po MeV Rn MeV Po MeV Po MeV Ra232

4.784 MeV MeV MeV MeV MeV MeV

Centroid energies vs channel number

Based on new calibration

Re-Calibrated Radium 2 Source MeV MeV MeV MeV 4.22 MeV 7.04 MeV 5.48 MeV 4.91 MeV New in blue old in red Blue 2006 calibration Red 1972 calibration